Commentary on Popova <i>et al</i>. (2017): Co‐used and co‐administered tobacco and cannabis (marijuana) require further investigation

Walsh, Hannah; Hindocha, Chandni; Duaso, María

doi:10.1111/add.13972

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Secondly, measurement of co-use, including whether concurrent and/or co-administered, would reduce potential bias and provide detail and context of use behaviours [67,68]. Participants in studies may under-report co-use; for example, when asked about cannabis they may ignore tobacco used in joints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and Bayesian meta‐analysis of interventions which target or assess co‐use of tobacco and cannabis in single‐ or multi‐substance interventions

Walsh

McNeill²,

Purssell

et al. 2020

Addiction

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Background and aims Tobacco and cannabis are commonly co‐used, and evidence for the influence of co‐use on quit outcomes for either substance is mixed. We sought to determine the efficacy of tobacco and/or cannabis use interventions delivered to co‐users on cannabis and tobacco use outcomes. Method Systematic review with meta‐analysis and narrative review, using five databases and author requests for co‐use data. Controlled and uncontrolled intervention studies focusing on treatment of tobacco and/or cannabis use assessing use of both pre‐ and post‐intervention were included. Prevention interventions were excluded. Bayesian meta‐analysis was used across four outcome measures: risk ratio for tobacco and cannabis cessation post‐intervention separately; standardized mean change for tobacco and cannabis reduction post‐intervention separately. Narrative reporting of the same outcome measures in non‐randomized clinical trials (non‐RCTs) and quality assessment of all included studies were conducted. Results Twenty studies (12 RCTs and eight uncontrolled) were included. Bayesian meta‐analysis with informative priors based on existing data of 11 RCTs (six single‐substance, five multi‐substance interventions) delivered to co‐users (n = up to 1117) showed weak evidence for an effect on cannabis cessation [risk ratio (RR) = 1.48, credibility interval (CrI) = 0.92, 2.49, eight studies] and no clear effect on tobacco cessation (RR = 1.10, CrI = 0.68, 1.87, nine studies). Subgroup analysis suggested that multi‐substance interventions might be more effective than cannabis‐targeted interventions on cannabis cessation (RR = 2.19, CrI = 1.10, 4.36 versus RR = 1.39, CrI = 0.75, 2.74). A significant intervention effect was observed on cannabis reduction (RR = 0.25, CrI = 0.03, 0.45, nine studies) but not on tobacco reduction (RR = 0.06, CrI = −0.11, 0.23, nine studies). Quality of evidence was moderate, although measurement of co‐use and cannabis use requires standardization. Uncontrolled studies targeting both cannabis and tobacco use indicated feasibility and acceptability. Conclusions Single and multi‐substance interventions addressing tobacco and/or cannabis have not shown a clear effect on either tobacco or cannabis cessation and reduction among co‐users. However, dual substance interventions targeting tobacco and cannabis appear feasible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and Bayesian meta‐analysis of interventions which target or assess co‐use of tobacco and cannabis in single‐ or multi‐substance interventions

Walsh

McNeill²,

Purssell

et al. 2020

Addiction

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“…Mainstream research has moved beyond simply estimating prevalence of cannabis use. Researchers are increasingly studying various aspects of cannabis use, such as the characterization of cannabis use profiles and cannabis use disorders, [104][105][106][107] association with other substances and polysubstance use, 108,109 and risk factors and predictors of use at various individual, family, and social levels. [110][111][112][113][114] Younger age groups have been the focus of cannabis use research 115,116 , and longitudinal studies have explored trajectories of cannabis use right from young age to adulthoo 117,118 when the consequences of long-term use become most apparent.…”

Section: Icd International Classification Of Diseases; Opd Outpatient...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Historical Context and Current Research on Cannabis Use in India

Karki

Rangaswamy

2022

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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Background: The cultivation and use of cannabis is historically rooted in the Indian subcontinent and this rich heritage of cannabis use dates back to at least two thousand years. Cannabis remains an illicit substance in India despite its changing status globally with many countries legalizing cannabis use in recent years. Scientific research on cannabis use in India has also been sparse. Method: Extensive search of online databases resulted in the identification of 29 original research studies pertaining to one of three areas of cannabis research; a) prevalence of cannabis use b) psychological correlates of cannabis use, c) cannabis use in substance use treatment settings. Findings: We found that most Indian studies used very basic quantitative research designs and had poor scientific rigor. Samples were small, region specific and included only males. Data analyses were limited to descriptive methods. The criteria for cannabis use in most of the reviewed studies were not rigorous and prone to biases. Conclusion & Implications: With changing attitudes and loosening of restrictions on cannabis use, the prevalence of new users is rising dramatically particularly in the college going population. This presents a strong need for research on motivations and attitudes to cannabis use and how those can influence patterns of use, and also the short- and long-term effects of use. More studies with stronger research designs (both cross sectional and longitudinal) are required for the study of cannabis use and this knowledge will be critical for managing the growing substance epidemic, generating public health solutions as well as formulating effective policy frameworks.

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Measuring the temporal association between cannabis and tobacco use among Co-using young adults using ecological momentary assessment

Wilhelm

Abudayyeh

Perreras

et al. 2020

Addictive Behaviors

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Commentary on Popova et al. (2017): Co‐used and co‐administered tobacco and cannabis (marijuana) require further investigation

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

A systematic review and Bayesian meta‐analysis of interventions which target or assess co‐use of tobacco and cannabis in single‐ or multi‐substance interventions

A systematic review and Bayesian meta‐analysis of interventions which target or assess co‐use of tobacco and cannabis in single‐ or multi‐substance interventions

A Review of Historical Context and Current Research on Cannabis Use in India

Measuring the temporal association between cannabis and tobacco use among Co-using young adults using ecological momentary assessment

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