Commentaries on Viewpoint: Reappraisal of the acute, moderate intensity exercise-catecholamines interaction effect on speed of cognition: Role of the vagal/NTS afferent pathway

Jones, Anne G.; Leischik, Roman; Dworrak, Birgit; Strauss, Marcus; Horlitz, Marc; Budde, Henning; Velasques, Bruna; Ribeiro, Pedro; Machado, Sérgio; Emeljanovas, Arūnas; Wegner, Mirko

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01055.2015

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The dopamine-rich neurons were found to be positively affected for excitability. This viewpoint has however been challenged citing blood brain barrier for catecholamines and from that angle, though a link between catecholamine concentration and cognitive ability is accepted, the cause-effect relationship between the two is contested [14]. Liver disorders in humans have recently been linked to catecholamine concentrations, as the number of publications regarding this have been on the rise [15].…”

Section: Perspectives Of Research On Catecholamine Formation and Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Significance of Catecholamines in Neurochemistry and Recent Advances in their Detection

Bhattacharya¹

2023

SciRevs.Biology

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The neurochemistry of catecholamines plays a crucial and complex role in human memory, behavior, and cognition, while affecting other organs such as the lungs, heart, liver, and skin. Dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are three closely-related catecholamines that have been widely studied over the last seven decades for development of medications for life-threatening diseases. Other studies have also suggested a link between drug abuse and catecholamine levels. The determination of catecholamine levels in different parts of the human body has also been a hot topic for research in these years. HPLC, spectrophotometry, fluorescence, electrochemistry and other techniques have been used to quantify catecholamines in mostly in biological samples like serum and urine, although in vivo studies are also possible. This article attempts to present the research on catecholamines from the perspectives of their bodily functions, development of medications for diseases related to these, and the techniques used for their detection and quantification.

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Section: Perspectives Of Research On Catecholamine Formation and Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Significance of Catecholamines in Neurochemistry and Recent Advances in their Detection

Bhattacharya¹

2023

SciRevs.Biology

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Effects of acute aerobic exercise on a task‐switching protocol and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in young adults with different levels of cardiorespiratory fitness

Tsai

Pan

Chen

et al. 2016

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the central question of this study?Neurocognitive functions can be enhanced by acute aerobic exercise, which could be associated with changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. We aimed to explore acute exercise-induced changes in BDNF concentrations, neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances when individuals with different levels of cardiorespiratory fitness performed a cognitive task. r What is the main finding and its importance?Only young adults with higher cardiorespiratory fitness could attain switching cost and neurophysiological benefits via acute aerobic exercise. The mechanisms might be fitness dependent. Although acute aerobic exercise could enhance serum BDNF concentrations, changes in peripheral BDNF concentrations could not be the potential factor involved in the beneficial effects on neurocognitive performance. This study investigated the effects of acute aerobic exercise on neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances in young adults with different cardiorespiratory fitness levels when performing a task-switching protocol and explored the potential associations between acute aerobic exercise-induced changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations and various neurocognitive outcomes. Sixty young adults were categorized into one control group (i.e. non-exercise-intervention; n = 20) and two exercise-intervention (EI) groups [i.e. higher (EI H , n = 20) and lower (EI L , n = 20) cardiorespiratory fitness] according to their maximal oxygen consumption. At baseline and after either an acute bout of 30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a control period, the neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances and serum BDNF concentrations were measured when the participants performed a task-switching protocol involving executive control and greater demands on working memory. The results revealed that although acute aerobic exercise decreased reaction times across three (i.e. pure, switching and non-switching) conditions in both EI groups, only the EI H group showed a smaller switching cost and larger P3 amplitudes after acute exercise, supporting the view that the mechanisms of neural functioning that underlie the effects of such exercise may be fitness dependent. In addition, serum BDNF concentrations were elevated after acute exercise for both EI groups, but there were no significant correlations between the changes in BDNF concentrations and changes in neuropsychological and neurophysiological 837 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and acute aerobic exercise performances for either group, suggesting that serum BDNF could not be the potential factor involved in the beneficial effects on neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances seen in young adults after acute aerobic exercise.

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Last Word on Viewpoint: Reappraisal of the acute, moderate intensity exercise-catecholamines interaction effect on speed of cognition: role of the vagal/NTS afferent pathway

McMorris

2016

Journal of Applied Physiology

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TO THE EDITOR: Leischik et al. (see Ref. 1) provide an overview of the problems facing those researching the effects of exercise, both acute and chronic, on cognitive function. I agree with their comments, but the viewpoint (2) was only concerned with a specific anomaly in the ability of the catecholamine hypothesis to explain the effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance. This is only part of the process by which acute exercise affects immediate cognitive functioning and is not meant to be a comprehensive explanation of even the effects of acute exercise, let alone the comprehensive exercise-cognition interaction.Jones (see Ref. 1) points to the fact that even moderate intensity exercise is a stressor and, as such, may initiate activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones, resulting in release of norepinephrine by the locus ceruleus. This is in line with the argument put forward by my colleagues and me (3) that perceptions of stress lead to feedforward from the higher centers of the brain to the hypothalamus, which projects to the locus ceruleus and induces the release of norepinephrine. However, this will only occur if the individual perceives the exercise as being stressful. Judging by the fact that moderate intensity exercise is generally thought to need to be of Ͼ45 min duration before plasma cortisol concentrations show an increase, one might claim that subcatecholamines threshold exercise is not perceived as being stressful enough to initiate HPA axis activation. However, this does not exclude the possibility of release of corticotrophin releasing hormone in the brain and this can initiate the synthesis and release of norepinephrine from the locus ceruleus (see Ref. 3 for a discussion). Although perceptions of stress vary from individual to individual, in all exercisers heart rate, tidal volume, and blood pressure begin to increase immediately after that exercise begins. Afferent feedback will activate mechanoreceptors, or more accurately stretch receptors, and baroreceptors on the vagus nerve and, via the nucleus tractus solitarii, stimulate the release of norepinephrine by the locus ceruleus.Budde et al. (see Ref. 1) question how increased concentrations of norepinephrine affect cognition.

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Commentaries on Viewpoint: Reappraisal of the acute, moderate intensity exercise-catecholamines interaction effect on speed of cognition: Role of the vagal/NTS afferent pathway

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Significance of Catecholamines in Neurochemistry and Recent Advances in their Detection

Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Significance of Catecholamines in Neurochemistry and Recent Advances in their Detection

Effects of acute aerobic exercise on a task‐switching protocol and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in young adults with different levels of cardiorespiratory fitness

Last Word on Viewpoint: Reappraisal of the acute, moderate intensity exercise-catecholamines interaction effect on speed of cognition: role of the vagal/NTS afferent pathway

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