“…The term describes “in-built, unquestioned devaluation of people through policy and practice based on certain characteristics” (Parker, 2021, p. 169) and it emphasises socio-structural factors and the persistent “othering” that marginalised groups experience in society. Both Iparraguirre (2014) and Forbat (2004) emphasise the correlation between abuse and structural issues such as poverty, race and class, rather than dominant accounts of abuse as an interpersonal phenomenon, while Brown (2000) refers to discriminatory abuse as a consequence of marginalisation. Several authors relate this to pathologising discourses about people with disabilities (Doherty, 2015; Sin et al , 2011; Balderston et al , 2019; Healy, 2020), people from minoritised ethnicities (Forbat, 2004), people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or other non-heterosexual or non-cisgendered identities (LGBTQ+) (Westwood, 2018), older people (Bogdanova and Grigoryeva, 2021; Lyne and Parker, 2020) and people who experience mental health issues (Carr et al , 2019; Hafford-Letchfield et al , 2020).…”