Comment on “The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming”

Xiao, Jing; Yu, Fang-Jian; Zhu, Wanying; Xu, Chenchao; Zhang, Kaihang; Luo, Yiqi; Tiedje, James M.; Zhou, Jizhong; Cheng, Lei

doi:10.1126/science.aao0218

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Depending on soil saturation (or E a ), increasing temperature from 5 to 35°C could dampen respiration rates by approximately 60% due to reduced O 2 dissolution and increased hydraulic resistance against O 2 flux from the water–air interface to the reactive sites as temperature rises. This is consistent with experimental results that reducing O 2 supply substantially reduced respiration [52]; it is also corroborated by the results of a whole soil profile experiment where E a in the subsoil was greater than that in the topsoil [66,67]. While biological factors such as differences in SOC quality and microbial community composition between the top- and sub-soils are also likely to be important [68,69], O 2 dissolution and diffusion are critical factors because the subsoil is more saturated, and the preferential consumption of O 2 by roots and microbes in the topsoil limits O 2 diffusion to reactive sites in the subsoil.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

An overlooked mechanism underlying the attenuated temperature response of soil heterotrophic respiration

Zhang

Whalley

Gregory

et al. 2022

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Biogeochemical reactions occurring in soil pore space underpin gaseous emissions measured at macroscopic scales but are difficult to quantify due to their complexity and heterogeneity. We develop a volumetric-average method to calculate aerobic respiration rates analytically from soil with microscopic soil structure represented explicitly. Soil water content in the model is the result of the volumetric-average of the microscopic processes, and it is nonlinearly coupled with temperature and other factors. Since many biogeochemical reactions are driven by oxygen (O 2 ) which must overcome various resistances before reaching reactive microsites from the atmosphere, the volumetric-average results in negative feedback between temperature and soil respiration, with the magnitude of the feedback increasing with soil water content and substrate quality. Comparisons with various experiments show the model reproduces the variation of carbon dioxide emission from soils under different water content and temperature gradients, indicating that it captures the key microscopic processes underpinning soil respiration. We show that alongside thermal microbial adaptation, substrate heterogeneity and microbial turnover and carbon use efficiency, O 2 dissolution and diffusion in water associated with soil pore space is another key explanation for the attenuated temperature response of soil respiration and should be considered in developing soil organic carbon models.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

An overlooked mechanism underlying the attenuated temperature response of soil heterotrophic respiration

Zhang

Whalley

Gregory

et al. 2022

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…4, the variation extent of soil temperature under NT and ST was smaller compared with CT at both two time points, thus indicating a poor ability to regulate soil temperature under CT. The high temperature in the 20-25 cm soil layer under NT and ST treatments, which may be partially attributed to lagging effect of soil temperature conduction and straw mulching 51,52 . Meanwhile, the soil temperature under NT was generally higher than that under CT and ST at 10 o' clock ( Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Different Tillage Treatments On Soil Properties mentioning

confidence: 97%

Tillage effects on soil properties and crop yield after land reclamation

Liu

Cao²,

Sun

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Tillage treatments have an important effect on soil microstructure characteristics, water thermal properties and nutrients, but little is known in the newly reclaimed cultivated land. For the reason, a long-term field study was to evaluate the tillage effects on soil physicochemical properties and crop yield in newly reclaimed cultivated land via the macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Three tillage treatments were tested: continuous conventional moldboard plow tillage (CT), sub-soiling/moldboard-tillage/sub-soiling tillage (ST) and no-tillage/sub-soiling/no-tillage (NT). Under CT, the microstructure was dominated by weakly separated plates structure and showed highest bulk density (BD) (1.49 g cm−3) and lowest soil organic matter (SOM) (3.68 g kg−1). In addition, CT reduced the capacity of soil moisture retention and temperature maintenance, resulting in aggregate structure deterioration and fragility. Unlike CT, the soil was characterized by moderately separated granular structure and highly separated aggregate structure under conservation tillage practice of ST and NT. NT was associated with the highest soil moisture content (20.42%), highest quantity of macroaggregates (> 0.25 mm) by wet-sieving (34.07%), and highest SOM (6.48 g kg−1) in the surface layer. Besides, NT was better able to regulate soil temperature and improved the values of geometric mean diameter. Under NT and ST, a stable soil structure with compound aggregates and pores was formed, and the maize yield was increased by 12.9% and 14.9% compared with CT, up to 8512.6 kg ha−1 and 8740.9 kg ha−1, respectively. These results demonstrated the positive effects of NT and ST on soil quality and crop yield in newly reclaimed cultivated land.

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“…This phenomenon could be explained by the energy exchanges between land and atmosphere; Shallow soil layers are more affected by the daily changes of solar radiation, leading to stronger fluctuations. Hence, the deeper layer are also suggested to paid more attention as the temperatures of deep soil layers can reflect long‐term anomalies in the surface heat budget, which can be used to predict climate change (Yang and Zhang, 2016; Xiao et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a growing number of studies have shown strong interest in deep soil layers, as the temperatures of deep soil layers can reflect long‐term anomalies in the surface heat budget (Hu and Feng, 2003; Knight et al ., 2018). Thus, there is added value in studying the soil temperature changes, and many studies have shown a strong correlation between soil temperature and climate change predictability (Yang and Zhang, 2016; Xiao et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term changes in layered soil temperature based on ground measurements in Jiangsu Province, China

Xiao

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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While air temperature has been widely investigated to better understand the recent climate changes, the importance of soil temperature has been underestimated and rarely studied. Here, the long‐term soil temperature changes and the occurrence of extreme heats have been studied based on daily measurements in Jiangsu Province for 1970–2017. A general warming trend in soil temperature is observed at most stations, and these trends are more pronounced in the cold seasons than the warm seasons. Due to the asymmetric warming of maximum and minimum soil temperatures over the past 48 years, the diurnal range shows a long‐term decreasing trend with a rate of −0.34°C/10a. The occurrences of extreme soil temperatures have been analysed based on the probability density functions. It is found that the hot soil days have increased and cold soil days have decreased significantly, and these changes are particularly significant in the most recent decades.

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Comment on “The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming”

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

An overlooked mechanism underlying the attenuated temperature response of soil heterotrophic respiration

An overlooked mechanism underlying the attenuated temperature response of soil heterotrophic respiration

Tillage effects on soil properties and crop yield after land reclamation

Long‐term changes in layered soil temperature based on ground measurements in Jiangsu Province, China

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