Comment on seismic electric signals (SES) and earthquakes: A review of an updated VAN method and competing hypotheses for SES generation and earthquake triggering by Daniel S. Helman, physics of earth and planetary interiors, 302 (2020)

Vargas, Carlos; Gómez, Juan Sebastián Ramírez; Gomez, Juan J.; Solano, Juan M.; Caneva, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2021.106676

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This monitoring system based on electromagnetic signals and greenhouse gases will understand the tectonic behavior of some continental margin regions. So far, we have seen similar behavior in the central region of Colombia with a resistivity anomaly previous to an M6.2 event at a 110 km distance from the station (Vargas et al 2021). We intend to collect robust datasets to describe it as a global phenomenon that will require other stations in the world, but now we are starting with these two regions.…”

Section: Results Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Quasi real-time electromagnetic and greenhouse gases monitoring station at Seymour - Marambio Island, Antarctica

Solano¹,

Vargas²,

Gulisano³

2021

Czech Polar Rep.

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A new permanent geophysical station was installed in the Seymour-Marambio Island, Antarctica, for monitoring electromagnetic, CO2, and CH4 gas signals. Those signals require specialized low noise instruments and the survey shall be carried out in places far away from cultural noise, such as populated human settlements. The most suitable place would be near the Earth's poles, where noise is the lowest possible. To measure these variables, the Geophysical Instrumentation Laboratory (Laboratorio de Instrumentación Geofísica - LIG) of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, in a partnership with the Instituto Antártico Argentino (IAA) under the Argentinean National Antarctic Direction (Dirección Nacional del Antártico - DNA), deployed the COCOAonMEAT project, oriented to design, built and install a low-cost station with time synchronization via GPS and data transmission in almost real-time. Since January 2020, the project monitors continuously (24/7) seven variables: three magnetic components, two electric dipoles, methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. Due to operative facilities and its low electromagnetic noise, the place chosen for its installation was the Argentinean Marambio Scientific Base in the Antarctic Peninsula, with the Multidisciplinary Antarctic Laboratory's collaboration (Laboratorio Multidisciplinario Antártico en la Base Marambio - LAMBI). This station provides valuable information on electromagnetic signals and greenhouse gases related to regional tectonic activity and local perturbations associated with global climate change.

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Section: Results Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Quasi real-time electromagnetic and greenhouse gases monitoring station at Seymour - Marambio Island, Antarctica

Solano¹,

Vargas²,

Gulisano³

2021

Czech Polar Rep.

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“…Structural details have not been defined due to lack of information and difficulty of access to the area. The studies on the 2019 Mesetas earthquake (Chicangana‐Montón et al., 2022; Noriega‐Londoño et al., 2021; Vargas et al., 2021) do not address the seismological and morphostructural analysis carried out in this work. It is the first instrumentally well‐observed event and sequence in the region; thus, we integrate seismic and geological data to study the source process to contribute to the interpretation of the activated segment of the AFS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

2019 Mw 6.0 Mesetas (Colombia) Earthquake Sequence: Insights From Integrating Seismic and Morphostructural Observations

Poveda

Pedraza

Velandia

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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The boundary between the Northern Andean block and the South American plate is a first‐order tectonic structure in Colombia with historically M > 7 earthquakes. However, details about individual sections of the system remain unknown. We illuminate the seismotectonic of the Algeciras fault by investigating an earthquake sequence that started on 24 December 2019. Using seismic networks at region, we estimate foreshocks and aftershocks focal mechanisms, local stress field, kinematic slip models of the largest events, and Coulomb stress changes. We integrate seismological and morphostructural observations to characterize source properties and reinterpret local faults. Two mainshocks (doublet of Mw 6.0 and 5.8) occurred within 16 min, rupturing just a few kilometers from each other. Discrimination of causative faults among the centroid moment‐tensor nodal planes is difficult because the focal zone is a complex tectonic environment. The focal mechanisms and the local stress field obtained are consistent with a regional NE trending dextral transpressive shear. The relocated aftershocks show a cluster with an L‐shaped pattern concentrated in a ∼7 × 7 km area. Our model defines the Algeciras fault with two structural styles for its northern termination. The NW part is characterized by a duplex‐style of right‐lateral strike‐slip with inner secondary faults of the same sense of movement, and the SE zone by a domino‐style system with inner minor faults of sinistral kinematics. The earthquake doublet is in the zone characterized by the duplex style. In contrast, the southern part of the aftershocks is located in the zone characterized by the domino style.

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“…Another method consists of the identification of Seismic Electric Signals (SES), and more recently, the natural time analysis, based on the correlation between the occurrence of seismic events and the SES with the Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos (VAN) method, which has shown partial success in short and medium-term forecasts (Varotsos et al, 2019;2006;1993) and analyzes after the occurrence of large seismic events (Sarlis et al, 2021;. However, its methodology and effectiveness have been tested, and the high rate of false positives have derived on low reliability of the VAN method to the point that, eventually, it would be the government that decides to issue an alert without adequate scientific support, leading this methodology to be an unproven hypothesis (Vargas et al 2021;Helman, 2020;Lighthill, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and magnetic data time series’ observations as an approach to identify the seismic activity of non-anthropic origin

Solano¹,

Caneva

Jiménez

et al. 2021

Earth sci. res. j.

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In this work, the authors tried to identify a possible relationship between electromagnetic signals (EM) and seismic events in the lithospheric system in the central region of Colombia. The data, both seismic records and electromagnetic signals, were taken from the catalog of the Seismological Network of the National University of Colombia (RSUNAL) and the catalog of the National Seismological Network of Colombia (RSNC). The project included the design and instrument testing phases for recording seismic signals, electrical potential variations, and magnetic field variations to try to identify possible relationships between these signals. Possible electromagnetic precursors for seismic events were observed, mainly magnetic disturbances, but it was not possible to locate evident electrical anomalies (Seismic Electric Signals - SES). Thus, although the results are not conclusive, the magnetic disturbances identified deserve further long-term analysis.

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Comment on seismic electric signals (SES) and earthquakes: A review of an updated VAN method and competing hypotheses for SES generation and earthquake triggering by Daniel S. Helman, physics of earth and planetary interiors, 302 (2020)

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Quasi real-time electromagnetic and greenhouse gases monitoring station at Seymour - Marambio Island, Antarctica

Quasi real-time electromagnetic and greenhouse gases monitoring station at Seymour - Marambio Island, Antarctica

2019 Mw 6.0 Mesetas (Colombia) Earthquake Sequence: Insights From Integrating Seismic and Morphostructural Observations

Electrical and magnetic data time series’ observations as an approach to identify the seismic activity of non-anthropic origin

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