Comment on Davies et al., 2012 – Hydraulic fractures: How far can they go?

Lacazette, Alfred; Geiser, Péter

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.12.008

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Such features are not part of the tensile hydraulic fracture, however, and are not expected to create a continuous upward migration pathway. Moreover, the case studies presented by Lacazette and Geiser () show that hydraulic fracture heights were consistent with prior scaling analyses and data compilations (e.g., Flewelling et al ).…”

Section: Misconceptions About the Subsurface And Hydraulic Fracturingsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Rozell also appears to have misconceptions about hydraulic fracture growth and has misinterpreted Lacazette and Geiser's () findings. During HF, there is a net volume increase in the subsurface, creating elastic deformation and affecting the stress field in the rock surrounding the fracture (Pollard and Segall ).…”

Section: Misconceptions About the Subsurface And Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Constraints on Upward Migration of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid and Brine,” by S. A. Flewelling and M. Sharma

Flewelling

Sharma

2014

Groundwater

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Section: Misconceptions About the Subsurface And Hydraulic Fracturingsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Misconceptions About the Subsurface And Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Constraints on Upward Migration of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid and Brine,” by S. A. Flewelling and M. Sharma

Flewelling

Sharma

2014

Groundwater

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“…Subsequently, Fisher & Warpinski (2012) reported an abundance of observational data indicating that fractures created by 'fracking' may grow to lengths of c. 600 m. likewise proposed that the maximum vertical extent of a fracture that can develop as a result of 'fracking' is c. 600 m, although natural fracture systems are known with lengths of up to c. 1000 m (e.g. Geiser et al 2012;Davies et al 2013;Lacazette & Geiser 2013). As Fisher & Warpinski (2012) explained, fractures induced by 'fracking' will tend to develop upwards because the 'fracking' fluid is less dense than the surrounding rock, so if the conditions at the point of initiation favour the creation of a fracture then the conditions at a slightly shallower depth will exceed the failure criterion for the initial development of the fracture to a greater extent, so the fracture can propagate.…”

Section: Application To the Induced Seismicity From 'Fracking' In The Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of potential macroseismic effects of the induced seismicity that might result from hydraulic fracturing for shale gas exploitation in the UK

Westaway

Younger

2014

QJEGH

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“…Tomographic Fracture Imaging™ or TFI (Geiser et al, 2006;Geiser et al, 2012;Lacazette and Geiser, 2013;Sicking et al, 2013) is a proprietary, patented and patent-pending technology. In brief, TFI is accomplished as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Fracture Imaging: A New Passive Seismic Method

Lacazette¹,

Vermilye²,

Fereja³

et al. 2013

Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013

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Knowledge of discrete transmissive features such as faults or fracture zones prior to drilling offers substantial benefits for all phases of operations from exploration to development planning and hydraulic fracture design. We describe a new application of a relatively new passive-seismic method. The product is images of seismic activity produced by discrete features such as faults and fractures in the reservoir prior to drilling. We will present data acquired with passive seismic listening arrays in two unconventional reservoirs and a fractured carbonate reservoir.An extensive body of literature shows that fracture/fault zones with high resolved shear stress correlate positively with fracture transmissivity. In many cases, discontinuities with high resolved shear stress will be the most microseismically active. This method therefore allows mapping of many hydraulically transmissive zones prior to drilling or any other activity.The passive seismic method (Tomographic Fracture Imaging™ or TFI) directly images seismically active hydraulic fractures and natural fractures as complex surfaces and networks. Until recently, TFI has been used primarily to image hydraulic fracture treatments. We report a new application: imaging ambient seismic activity both prior to frac monitoring and by quiet-time monitoring using 3D reflection grids, i.e. by recording on a reflection grid or dedicated passive seismic grid when shooting or vibrating is not in progress. The resulting images reveal seismically active fracture and fault zones that correlate well with features illuminated by fracing or that are imaged by 3D reflection seismic attributes. The presence and hydraulic transmissivity of some of these features have been validated by independent measures including chemical tracers and pressure monitoring.This work also considers drivers of ambient seismic activity including earth tides and epeirogenic movements. Earth stress studies have established that the brittle crust is a self-organizing critical system in a state of frictional equilibrium and hence is constantly on the verge of movement. The earth's brittle crust is continually loaded by a variety of forces although tectonic movements, isostacy and isostacy-related flexure appear to dominate. It has been shown that stress or pressure changes of less than 0.01 atmospheres can stimulate seismicity. We present our work to date on quantitative correlations between earth tides and ambient seismic activity imaged on large grids. The results suggest that earth tides help stimulate release of stored elastic strain energy in the brittle crust.

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Comment on Davies et al., 2012 – Hydraulic fractures: How far can they go?

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

“Constraints on Upward Migration of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid and Brine,” by S. A. Flewelling and M. Sharma

“Constraints on Upward Migration of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid and Brine,” by S. A. Flewelling and M. Sharma

Quantification of potential macroseismic effects of the induced seismicity that might result from hydraulic fracturing for shale gas exploitation in the UK

Ambient Fracture Imaging: A New Passive Seismic Method

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