Commensal and pathogen: Candida albicans

doi:10.18231/2348-7240.2017.0005

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…C. albicans is the predominantly encountered species in oral candidiasis patients, irrespective of the denture status (Muadcheingka and Tantivitayakul, 2015). Commensal C. albicans in oral cavity generally causes no harm in the healthy individuals, as its growth is restrained by the immune barriers and other commensal microorganisms in the niche (Kaur et al, 2017). However, when any of these barriers are subsided, overgrowth of C. albicans can lead to mild local discomfort and altered taste sensation to severe systemic infections with significant morbidity and mortality (Rajendran et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piperine Impedes Biofilm Formation and Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans

Priya

Pandian

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Candida albicans is the primary etiological agent associated with the pathogenesis of candidiasis. Unrestricted growth of C. albicans in the oral cavity may lead to oral candidiasis, which can progress to systemic infections in worst scenarios. Biofilm of C. albicans encompasses yeast and hyphal forms, where hyphal formation and yeast to hyphal morphological transitions are contemplated as the key virulence elements. Current clinical repercussions necessitate the identification of therapeutic agent that can limit the biofilm formation and escalating the susceptibility of C. albicans to immune system and conventional antifungals. In the present study, a plant-derived alkaloid molecule, piperine, was investigated for the antibiofilm and antihyphal activities against C. albicans. Piperine demonstrated a concentration-dependent antibiofilm activity without exerting negative impact on growth and metabolic activity. Inhibition in the hyphal development was witnessed through confocal laser-scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Interestingly, piperine displayed a tremendous potential to inhibit the virulence-associated colony morphologies, such as filamentation and wrinkling. Furthermore, piperine regulated morphological transitions between yeast and hyphal forms by inhibiting hyphal extension and swapping hyphal phase to yeast forms yet under filamentation-inducing circumstances. Remarkably, piperinechallenged C. albicans exhibited low potential for spontaneous antibiofilm resistance development. In addition, piperine effectively reduced in vivo colonization and prolonged survival of C. albicans-infected Caenorhabditis elegans, thereby expounding the distinct antivirulent potential. Transcriptomic analysis revealed piperine significantly downregulating the expression of several biofilm related and hyphal-specific genes (ALS3, HWP1, EFG1, CPH1, etc.). Furthermore, no acute toxicity was observed in the HBECs and nematodes exposed to piperine. Altogether, results from this study reveals the potential of piperine to inhibit biofilm and hyphal morphogenesis, and its in vivo efficacy and innocuous nature to HBECs suggests that piperine may be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment of biofilm-associated C. albicans infection, especially for oral candidiasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piperine Impedes Biofilm Formation and Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans

Priya

Pandian

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Candida albicans is ubiquitous, dimorphic yeast which resides in the oral cavity as commensal. But it also acts as pathogen under certain specific circumstances and causing most common infection of oral cavity called oral thrush [3]. Candida affects all ages and genders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Several Types of Plasma as Media in the Germ Tube Test for Identification of Candida Albicans

Hidayati,

Asnaily,

Jumaisal

et al. 2023

j.teknokes

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Candida albicans is a commensal on the oral mucosal surfaces of healthy individuals but can be pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals. The germ tube test is an inexpensive, faster, and easier method used to identify and differentiate it from other yeast species. Generally, the test is carried out using serum as the medium. Plasma overall has the same characteristics as serum and differs only in the content of clotting factors. In addition, plasma is easier to obtain than serum in most healthcare services. This study aims to demonstrate three types of plasma as alternative media for germ tube test. CPDA (Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine), EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic), and Sodium Citrate plasma were compared to serum in producing of germ tubes. Each plasma and serum was tested in five repetitions. The experimental method was carried out in Mycology Laboratory at Health Polytechnic of Jambi. The data were observed based on the germ tube formation time and analyzed with one-way ANOVA test. The result showed the lengths of germ tube formation time were significantly different. Although CPDA plasma was also significantly different compared to serum, it showed the average time which is at the minimum limit of the incubation time range that is recommended in the standard protocol of the test. This study concluded that plasma can be used as a substitute for serum in the germ tube tes, especially CPDA plasma, as it is faster in formating time, easier to obtain, and considered safer to use than others.

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“…Candida species represent the most common cause of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), particularly in immunocompromised patients [ 1 ], Candida albicans being the most frequently isolated of them. This fungus, which co-exists as a commensal organism of the skin, the vaginal and oral cavities, and gastrointestinal microbiota, usually causes no harm in healthy individuals, as its growth is restrained by the immune barriers and other residents of the microbiota [ 2 , 3 ]. However, it will likely change when tissue homeostasis is disrupted [ 4 ], causing superficial but more severe, life-threatening systemic infections [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Anti-Candida Potential of Piper nigrum Extract in Inhibiting Growth, Yeast-Hyphal Transition, Virulent Enzymes, and Biofilm Formation

Bravo-Chaucanés

Vargas-Casanova

Chitiva-Chitiva

et al. 2022

JoF

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Due to the increased incidence of fungal infections and the emergence of antifungal resistance mainly by Candida species, the need for safe and effective novel therapies is imperative. Consequently, plants and herbs are a powerful source to combat infections. Here, we evaluated the anti-Candida potential of an ethanolic extract from Piper nigrum. The phytochemical analysis of P. nigrum revealed bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannis. Our results showed that P. nigrum extract suppressed the virulence factors of C. albicans strains, including hyphae formation in both liquid and solid media, reduced secretion of phospholipases/proteinases, and affected biofilm formation. Furthermore, the P. nigrum extract showed no hemolytic effect in vitro and exhibited reduced cytotoxicity on Vero cells and G. mellonella larvae at concentrations that inhibited hyphae and biofilm in C. albicans. Moreover, the extract demonstrated antifungal activity against C. auris strains. In conclusion, the P. nigrum extract affected the growth and morphogenesis of Candida (even in resistant strains), demonstrating that this plant has an anti-candida activity and represents a promising resource for discovering novel antifungal compounds.

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Commensal and pathogen: Candida albicans

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Piperine Impedes Biofilm Formation and Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans

Piperine Impedes Biofilm Formation and Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans

Comparison of Several Types of Plasma as Media in the Germ Tube Test for Identification of Candida Albicans

Evaluation of Anti-Candida Potential of Piper nigrum Extract in Inhibiting Growth, Yeast-Hyphal Transition, Virulent Enzymes, and Biofilm Formation

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