Combustion Process of Canola Oil and n-Hexane Mixtures in Dynamic Diesel Engine Operating Conditions

Longwic, Rafał; Sander, Przemysław; Zdziennicka, Anna; Jańczuk, Bronisław

doi:10.3390/app10010080

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This effect can be obtained, for example, by the addition to vegetable fuels of n-hexane (Hex) and ethanol (Et). Taking this into account a series of engine tests in static and dynamic conditions, during which the diesel engine was powered with mixtures of canola oil with the addition of n-hexane were made [21][22][23]. Despite the fact that the addition of n-hexane to canola oil decreased the surface tension, slightly changed the density, and significantly decreased the viscosity of the mixtures, the values for diesel fuel were not obtained [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Canola Oil Physicochemical Properties by Hexane and Ethanol with Regards of Its Application in Diesel Engine

et al. 2021

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A mixture of canola oil (Co), n-hexane (Hex), and ethyl alcohol (Et) was proposed as a new energy material for powering diesel engines. For this purpose, surface tension, density, and viscosity measurements, as well as engine tests, were performed for 88%Co10%Hex2%Et and 83%Co15%Hex2%Et mixtures at 20 °C. The adsorption and volumetric properties of these mixtures were compared to those of individual mixture components, as well as diesel fuel (Df) and oleic, linoleic, α-linolenic, palmitic, and stearic acids. It was revealed that the values of surface tension, viscosity, and density of Co were higher than those of the Co components. The addition of 10% Hex and 2% Et to Co caused a more than twofold decrease in its viscosity, while the addition of 15% Hex and 2% Et caused a more than fourfold reduction of Co viscosity. In addition, a mixture of Co with 2% Et and 10% Hex had a density similar to that of Df. In turn, theoretical calculations showed that the addition of n-hexane and ethanol to canola oil only slightly changed its heat of combustion. Engine tests were carried out at fixed engine rotational speeds, with a direct gearbox ratio (4th gear). The quick-changing parameters of the combustion process were registered using an AVL Indimicro system. In these tests it was found that the addition of Et to the mixture of Co and Hex did not significantly shorten the auto-ignition delay, but the kinetic phase during combustion disappeared, which had an impact on the combustion start angle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Canola Oil Physicochemical Properties by Hexane and Ethanol with Regards of Its Application in Diesel Engine

et al. 2021

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“…The use of alternative fuels is one of the main solutions currently allowing the reduction of pollutant emissions [10]. Literature information on the subject of the research of various alternative fuels was found, e.g., in [11][12][13][14][15], and about reduction in the consumption of lubricating oils and plastic lubricants [16; 17]. Among others, for economic and rural development reasons, there is a growing interest in plant-derived fuels (biodiesel) [18][19][20] and LPG or CNG gas fuels [9; 10; 15; 21; 22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies of using energy harvesting systems in motor vehicles - energy from suspension system

Caban

2021

20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings

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The automotive sector is characterized by a high energy demand related to the use of fuels and maintenance of vehicles in technical readiness. Currently, more and more often solutions are sought that will save energy and cause less losses in the so-called wasted energy. Most of the energy, about 60%, generated from internal combustion engines is dissipated despite the constant efforts of engine manufacturers to improve their economic and ecological properties. In addition, energy is generated in road vehicles from other components, e.g., the suspension system. As a result, systems are being sought to recover some of this energy to power certain sensors and vehicle systems. This study presents energy recovery systems in road vehicles. Based on a literature study of the presented research of various research centres, it was noticed that there is a huge potential in the recovery of energy lost in the vehicle suspension systems. Research shows that it is possible to obtain a regenerative power value of several hundred watts, which depends on the type of vehicle and the road type on which the vehicle is traveling. An area that has been little explored, but also has energy potential, is the recovery of energy from the internal combustion engine suspension system in the engine compartment. This article presents technological solutions for the energy harvesting from the vehicle suspension system and preliminary studies of the potential energy recovery from the suspension of the 4-cylinder in-line diesel engine in an off-road vehicle. It is also important that energy recovery systems have application potential in traditional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines, as well as modern vehicles with hybrid or electric drive.

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“…Due the environmental challenges, new fuels for internal combustion (IC) engines are still being developed. A lot of studies are focused on renewable fuels such as biodiesel, selected alcohols (ethanol, methanol) as well as plant oils and their mixtures with n-hexane [13]. Additionally, selected ethers, including ethyl tert-butyl ether [7] and diethyl ether, are considered as possible fuels for diesel engines [6,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Harmful Chemical Compounds from Dual-Fuelled Diesel Engine

Šmigins¹,

Skrzek²,

Górska³

et al. 2020

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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This paper investigated the impact of the exhaust gas recirculation on the concentration of selected harmful chemical compounds from the AVL 5402 research diesel engine powered with diesel fuel (DF) and compressed natural gas (CNG). The engine was operated in the dual fuel mode. It means that the engine was conventionally fuelled by regular diesel fuel and simultaneously by CNG dosed into the inlet pipe. The necessary tests were carried out for the mixtures containing 30, 50 and 70% of CNG (by energy content) in the total chemical energy delivered together with diesel fuel (DF) into the combustion chamber. The research was conducted for the stationary conditions of the engine operation at 1200 rpm and constant 1004 Joules of a fuel chemical energy delivered in each cycle into the combustion chamber. Under such conditions, the impact of the EGR rate changed in range of 0-50% on the emissions of selected unburned hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) as well as particulate matter (PM), was evaluated. The obtained results confirmed that the EGR system is effective in the reduction of the NOx formation for all tested fuel mixtures. Nevertheless, it was found that the addition of CNG combusted in the diesel engine generates more harmful pollutants in comparison with diesel fuel. However, in some cases the concentration of NOx as well as PM was comparable or lower. It suggests that the combustion of CNG in diesels allows achieving environmental benefits. In this case, further optimization of the engine fuel supply system is necessary.

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Combustion Process of Canola Oil and n-Hexane Mixtures in Dynamic Diesel Engine Operating Conditions

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Modification of Canola Oil Physicochemical Properties by Hexane and Ethanol with Regards of Its Application in Diesel Engine

Modification of Canola Oil Physicochemical Properties by Hexane and Ethanol with Regards of Its Application in Diesel Engine

Technologies of using energy harvesting systems in motor vehicles - energy from suspension system

Investigation of Harmful Chemical Compounds from Dual-Fuelled Diesel Engine

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