Combustion of zirconium droplets in oxygen/rare gas mixtures—kinetics and mechanism

Nelson, Lloyd S.; Rosner, Daniel E.; Kurzius, S.C.; Levine, H.S.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(69)80392-9

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The first category usually generates the particles in situ. The earliest way to form particles is to chop and fuse a metal wire or foil [36,[57][58][59][60]. Bucher et al [60] used a chopping blade to cut a metal periodically to form small cylindrical particles end to end.…”

Section: Generation and Ignition Of Single Metal Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These apparatuses permit a highpressure environment for particles. The last ignition way is to heat the metal wire directly by pulse electric discharge [58] or a pulse of light from a Xe-filled flash lamp [57]. No ignition system is perfect and the choice of the ignition way depends on the aim of a certain study.…”

Section: Generation and Ignition Of Single Metal Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

Fan¹,

Liu²,

Yu³

2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Metal fuel is one of the attractive alternative fuels for its high energy density and zero carbon emission. In the past, they were often used as additives in fireworks and propellants. More attentions have been paid to metal fuels as the environmental issue and energy dilemma become increasingly severe. Ongoing efforts have been devoted to both modelling and experimental studies of metal fuel combustion. This review mainly focuses on the experimental progress on the combustion of micron-scale metal fuels during the past three decades. The experimental setups and the combustion diagnostics techniques used for single particle combustion and metal dust flames have significant distinctions, so they have been summarized separately. Those setups to produce single particle flames or metal dust flames are discussed in terms of their structure, scope of application, advantages and disadvantages. The diagnostics techniques are classified according to the physical parameters that are commonly adopted to characterize the metal particle combustion including burn time, temperature, particle size, dust concentration and burning velocity. Both online and offline measurement techniques are investigated in detail focusing on the measurement principle, system configuration and uncertainty analysis. Finally, the review is concluded with some unresolved problems in the field of metal particles combustion diagnostics, and provides insights into promising future research directions.

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Section: Generation and Ignition Of Single Metal Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generation and Ignition Of Single Metal Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

Fan¹,

Liu²,

Yu³

2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…(12,14,15) Besides the continuum, a strong banded spectra of ZrO(g) together with the lines of Zr(g) were observed. These spectral lines are strongest just after ignition.…”

Section: Z Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is confirmed by spectroscopic data obtained during combustion. (12,14,15). Although a substantial concentration of…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Temperature Thermal Simulator.

Simmons¹,

McDonnell²

1985

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Combustion of Ti and Zr Particles with KNO₃

Miyata

Kubota

1996

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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29 Verbrennung von Titan-und Zirconium-Partikeln mit KNO3In dieser Arbeit werden die thermochemischen Eigenschaften und Verbrennungscharakteristiken von Pyrolysatoren bestehend aus TilKN03-und ZrlKN03-Mischungen beschrieben. DTA und TG wurden durchgefiihrt, urn die Reaktionsvorgkge dieser Pyrolysatoren aufzuklaen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dai3 Titanpartikel exotherm reagieren mit den Zersetzungsgasen von KN03 bei 970 K, und daB die Zirconiumpartikel ebenfalls exotherm reagieren bei 700 K mit dem verfliissigten KNo3. Die Abbrandgeschwindigkeiten der Pyrolysatoren wurden gemessen mit einem Stimbrenner, welcher unter einer Argongas-Atmosph&e gehalten wurde. Die Abbrandgeschwindigkeit von Ti/KNO3 ist druckempfindlicher als bei Zr/KN03. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dal3 eine iibenviegend exotherme Reaktion in der kondensierten Phase an der Abbrandzone des ZrlKNO3-Pyrolysators stattfindet. Die Abbrandgeschwindigkeiten beider Pyrolysatoren sind abhangig vom OxidatorlBrennstoff-Verhaltnis und von der Anfangstemperatur der Pyrolysatoren.

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Combustion of zirconium droplets in oxygen/rare gas mixtures—kinetics and mechanism

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

High-Temperature Thermal Simulator.

Combustion of Ti and Zr Particles with KNO₃

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Combustion of zirconium droplets in oxygen/rare gas mixtures—kinetics and mechanism

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

Combustion diagnostics of metal particles: a review

High-Temperature Thermal Simulator.

Combustion of Ti and Zr Particles with KNO3

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Product

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Combustion of Ti and Zr Particles with KNO₃