Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels within porous inert media

Howell, J. R.; Hall, Matthew J.; Ellzey, Janet L.

doi:10.1016/0360-1285(96)00001-9

Cited by 440 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Early research was typically carried out with fine sand [22]. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in this mode of combustion because of the development of ceramic foam radiant heaters [3]. The low-velocity regime is not directly relevant to explosion hazard applications.…”

Section: (A) Low-velocity Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

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Explosion propagation in inert porous media

Ciccarelli

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Porous media are often used in flame arresters because of the high surface area to volume ratio that is required for flame quenching. However, if the flame is not quenched, the flow obstruction within the porous media can promote explosion escalation, which is a well-known phenomenon in obstacle-laden channels. There are many parallels between explosion propagation through porous media and obstacle-laden channels. In both cases, the obstructions play a duel role. On the one hand, the obstruction enhances explosion propagation through an early shear-driven turbulence production mechanism and then later by shock-flame interactions that occur from lead shock reflections. On the other hand, the presence of an obstruction can suppress explosion propagation through momentum and heat losses, which both impede the unburned gas flow and extract energy from the expanding combustion products. In obstacle-laden channels, there are well-defined propagation regimes that are easily distinguished by abrupt changes in velocity. In porous media, the propagation regimes are not as distinguishable. In porous media the entire flamefront is affected, and the effects of heat loss, turbulence and compressibility are smoothly blended over most of the propagation velocity range. At low subsonic propagation speeds, heat loss to the porous media dominates, whereas at higher supersonic speeds turbulence and compressibility are important. This blending of the important phenomena results in no clear transition in propagation mechanism that is characterized by an abrupt change in propagation velocity. This is especially true for propagation velocities above the speed of sound where many experiments performed with fuel-air mixtures show a smooth increase in the propagation velocity with mixture reactivity up to the theoretical detonation wave velocity.

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Section: (A) Low-velocity Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the porous media combustion literature, the effective pore size is generally taken to be equal to one-third the sphere diameter [2]. For foams, the porosity and effective pore size are specified by the manufacturer [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosion propagation in inert porous media

Ciccarelli

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…29,30 The present passive control concept is fundamentally different from many of the previous studies with PIM that involve flame stabilization within or on the surface of the PIM. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] With porous insert, a majority of the reactants pass through the central void of the insert to create the swirling jet flame. However, portions of reactant and product gas flows penetrate into the porous matrix, and eject at the downstream surface of the insert to create segmented surface flames or flamelets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive control of thermoacoustic instabilities in swirl-stabilized combustion at elevated pressures

Williams

Meadows

Agrawal

2016

International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics

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In this study, a porous insert is placed at the dump plane of a swirl-stabilized lean premixed combustor to passively suppress thermoacoustic instabilities. The diffuser-shaped annular ring of porous inert material influences the turbulent flow field directly, including recirculation zones and vortical and/or shear layer structures to passively control the acoustic performance of the combustor. The porous inert material is made of silicon carbide-hafnium carbide coated, high-strength, high-temperature-resistant open-cell foam materials. In this study, the porous insert concept is investigated at above-ambient operating pressures to demonstrate its suitability for practical combustion applications. Experiments are conducted in quartz and metal combustors, without and with the porous insert while varying operating pressure, equivalence ratio, and reactant flow rate. Measurements show that the porous insert, and consequent changes in the combustor flow field, decrease the sound pressure levels at the frequency of combustion instability at all operating conditions investigated in this study. The porous insert also decreases the broadband combustion noise, i.e. the measured sound pressure levels over a wide frequency range.

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“…However, in the case of lean gas mixtures, many studies found that CO emissions tended to be very low (Smucker and Ellzey, 2004;Mathis and Ellzey, 2005;Mujeebu et al, 2011). Previous studies have reported the applications of porous media burner technology in various fields (Mujeebu et al, 2009a;2009b), especially their use as radiant burners where a radiant efficiency of up to 40% was achieved (Howell et al, 1996) with lower pollutant emissions compared to swirl-stabilized combustor (Li et al, 2008). However, there are no reports of porous media burner technology being used in industrial regenerative burners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of non-premixed porous inserted regenerative thermal oxidizer

Jun-chun

Cheng

Zheng

et al. 2013

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A

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Abstract:In this study, a porous inserted regenerative thermal oxidizer (PRTO) system was developed for a 125 kW industrial copper-melting furnace, due to its advantages of low NO x emissions and high radiant efficiency. Zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ) ceramic foams were placed into the combustion zone of a regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO). Different performance characteristics of the RTO and PRTO systems, including pressure drop, temperature distribution, emissions, and energy efficiency, were evaluated to study the effects of the porous inserts on non-premixed CH 4 combustion. It was found that the PRTO system achieved a significant reduction in the NO x emission level and a fuel saving of approximately 30% compared to the RTO system. It is most suitable for a lean combustion process at an equivalence ratio <0.4 with NO x and CO emission levels within 0.002%-0.003% and 0.001%-0.002%, respectively.

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Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels within porous inert media

Cited by 440 publications

References 45 publications

Explosion propagation in inert porous media

Explosion propagation in inert porous media

Passive control of thermoacoustic instabilities in swirl-stabilized combustion at elevated pressures

Development of non-premixed porous inserted regenerative thermal oxidizer

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