Combustion mechanism of aluminum — Magnesium alloy particles

Popov, E. O.; Kashporov, L. Ya.; Mal'tsev, V. M.; Breiter, A. L.

doi:10.1007/bf00814815

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Oscillatory emission patterns were reported earlier for combustion of aluminum particles (Badiola et al, 2011;Corcoran et al, 2013a;Gill et al, 2010). Double peaks were observed for Al/Mg alloys (Aly et al, 2014;Popov et al, 1973), where it was suggested that the first peak can be assigned to selective burnout of Mg.…”

Section: Particle Burn Timesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…While aluminum is by far the most widely used metal additive in energetic formulations, it was reported that advanced combustion performance can be achieved when aluminum-magnesium alloys are used (Breiter et al, 1971(Breiter et al, , 1983Popov et al, 1973;Poyarkov, 1967;Roberts et al, 1993;Yuasa and Takeno, 1982;Zenin et al, 2011). Lower ignition temperatures were observed for the alloy particles as compared to the pure aluminum; respectively, the ignition delays were reduced and bulk burn rates were increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Most experiments employed high pressure environments and used coarse particles (Roberts et al, 1993;Zenin et al, 2011). Very few studies systematically vary the Al/Mg ratio (Breiter et al, 1971(Breiter et al, , 1983Ozerov and Yurinov, 1978;Roberts et al, 1993), while most experiments (Popov et al, 1973;Poyarkov, 1967;Yuasa and Takeno, 1982;Zenin et al, 2011) and practical applications (Corbel et al, 2012;Disimile and Toy, 2008;Ganesh and Gowrishankar, 2011;Habu, 2008;Habu and Hori, 2006;Liu et al, 1996;Murata et al, 2000;Obuchi et al, 2008) were focused on magnalium or a common composition with the Al/Mg mass ratio of one. The oxidizing environments considered in the literature include air (Aly et al, 2014), pure oxygen (Roberts et al, 1993), CO 2 and N 2 O 2 (Zenin et al, 2011), and H 2 O (Ozerov and Yurinov, 1978); however, combustion of the Al • Mg alloys in mixed oxidizers has not been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Combustion of Mechanically Alloyed Al∙Mg Powders in Products of a Hydrocarbon Flame

Corcoran

Wang

Aly

et al. 2014

Combustion Science and Technology

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Burn times and temperatures were measured optically for a set of mechanically alloyed Al·Mg powders injected into a laminar and a turbulent air-acetylene flame. Magnesium concentrations varied from 10 to 53 mole%; particle sizes were in the range of 1-50 µm. Emission from the burning particles at 700 nm, 800 nm, and 900 nm was captured using three filtered photomultiplier tubes. The burn times were correlated with particle sizes using measured statistical distributions for both times and sizes. The measured trends for burn times, t, as a function of particle size, d, for all alloys were approximated by a t = a·d n law, where the exponent n varied from 0.6 to 1. Shorter burn times were measured in more turbulent flows; respectively, the values of pre-exponent, a, decreased and exponent, n, increased slightly with an increased level of turbulence. An increase in Mg concentration led to longer burn times for the alloy particles for all flame conditions. For all compositions, alloy particles burned longer than similarly sized Al particles except for the alloy with the smallest concentration of Mg, Al 0.9 Mg 0.1 , for which particles less than ∼4 µm burned faster than similarly sized Al. This effect was observed for laminar and turbulent flames. The optically measured temperatures were lower for Al 0.47 Mg 0.53 alloy (∼2400 K) compared to ∼2700-2800 K obtained for other alloys. Turbulent mixing resulted in a slight increase in the measured temperature.

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Section: Particle Burn Timesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Combustion of Mechanically Alloyed Al∙Mg Powders in Products of a Hydrocarbon Flame

Corcoran

Wang

Aly

et al. 2014

Combustion Science and Technology

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“…Mg is also a more volatile metal, boiling at only 1091°C [48], and can potentially deform and fracture the reacting material as it boils, perhaps assisting the combustion process [49]. By using Al-Mg alloys as an alternative to pure Al, we hope to leverage these advantageous properties to improve the system's extent of combustion and total heat release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using magnesium to maximize heat generated by reactive Al/Zr nanolaminates

Overdeep

Livi

Allen

et al. 2015

Combustion and Flame

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a b s t r a c tIn this study, we explore the effect of magnesium content on the ability of reactive nanocomposite foils to generate heat, by comparing three chemistries: Al:Zr, Al-8Mg:Zr, and Al-38Mg:Zr. These correspond to foils with alternating aluminum and zirconium layers where the Al is either pure, an 8 at.%Mg alloy, or a 38 at.%Mg alloy, respectively. Measurements performed in a specially designed bomb calorimeter show that Al-8Mg:Zr foils perform the best, generating the greatest gravimetric heat in air, oxygen, and nitrogen environments. Both Mg-containing foils release a visible plume of particles and vapor upon reacting, which was recorded with a high speed camera. This ejected mass includes Mg vapor and particles of all three metals. Both the vapor and particles oxidize rapidly in air, resulting in single metal-oxide particles. The reacted foils, particularly the Al-8Mg:Zr samples, contain voids and higher levels of oxygen and nitrogen throughout their thicknesses than reacted Al:Zr foils. To explain the higher heats of reaction for the Al-8Mg:Zr foils, we suggest that the out-diffusion and evaporation of Mg generates a high concentration of vacancies that enhance oxygen and nitrogen diffusion throughout the foil, thereby increasing the degree of oxidation and nitridation.

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“…The effect of magnesium additives as an alloying component on the aluminum ignition and combustion characteristic has been the subject of extensive experimental studies, for example, [5][6][7]. For aluminummagnesium alloys, the temperature and concentration ignition limits are lower than those for pure aluminum.…”

Section: Methods Of Modifying Particles Of Powder Metallic Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ignition, combustion, and agglomeration of encapsulated aluminum particles in a composite solid propellant. I. Theoretical study of the ignition and combustion of aluminum with fluorine-containing coatings

Yagodnikov

Andreev

Воробьев

et al. 2006

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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This paper gives a brief review of methods for modifying metallic fuels for composite solid propellants, including the application of coatings onto aluminum particles (encapsulation). Requirements for the coating material are formulated. By means of thermodynamic calculations, it is shown that some fluorine-containing coatings reduce the content of the condensed phase in the propellant combustion products without decreasing the specific impulse. A mathematical model for the ignition of a single encapsulated particle is proposed. Calculations show a decrease in the ignition time of an aluminum particle with a fluorine-containing coating.

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Combustion mechanism of aluminum — Magnesium alloy particles

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Combustion of Mechanically Alloyed Al∙Mg Powders in Products of a Hydrocarbon Flame

Combustion of Mechanically Alloyed Al∙Mg Powders in Products of a Hydrocarbon Flame

Using magnesium to maximize heat generated by reactive Al/Zr nanolaminates

Ignition, combustion, and agglomeration of encapsulated aluminum particles in a composite solid propellant. I. Theoretical study of the ignition and combustion of aluminum with fluorine-containing coatings

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