Combustion dynamics of polymer wastes in a bubbling fluidized bed

Żukowski, Witold; Jankowski, Dawid; Baron, Jerzy; Wrona, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128807

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…For instance, with reference to the ha feeding section of biomass to the thermal conversion plant, some important tec challenges arise: fiber-rich solid biomass impairs rotating valves due to the int fibers of neighboring particles inside the hopper [26]; humid biomass feedstock fermentation and putrefaction; dry biomass inside the storage or feeding hopp subjected to pyrolysis or even self-combustion [77], and hence require a non atmosphere and injection of a cooling inert gas. All of the above problems can be when the solid biomass is mixed with a liquid, even a refuse-stream, and additi a slurry or a suspension, which can be easily stored or pumped into the vessel It is also worth noting that using biomass slurries instead of dry biomass/w ules in BFB plants can limit the occurrence of dynamic [78] and segregation p [79], as well as bed bypass to the freeboard due to the fast release of volatile In any case, the results of research investigations and the experience gained after commercial applications of FBC to coal-based mixtures and pastes remain of interest: much of the scientific understanding (e.g., the interaction of wet feed with the hot bed) and many of the technological and engineering solutions (e.g., pumping and feeding slurries and compacting and operating plant components sealed in a pressure vessel) have already been or will be transferred to other process cases dealing with watery feedstocks and wet slurry feed (e.g., biomass-based).…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluidized Bed Combustion and Gasification of Fossil and Renewable Slurry Fuels

Miccio

Raganati²,

Ammendola³

et al. 2021

Energies

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This article provides a comprehensive review of the state of the art and more recent developments of the thermochemical treatments of slurry fuels in fluidized beds (FB). The review focuses on FB combustion and gasification of slurry fuels based on coal, biomass, sludge, and wastes from industry, agriculture, and the civil sector. The investigations at research and industrial levels over the last decades are presented and discussed, highlighting the adopted technological solutions, the results in terms of feasibility and efficiency, and the perspectives of future development. The different behavior between bubbling and circulating beds was addressed, in particular the optimal choice depending on the process (combustion/gasification/pyrolysis) and fuel properties (e.g., water content). Fundamental studies on interactions between the slurry fuels and the hot bed materials are also reviewed. The cumulative trend of reviewed investigations over the last decades depicts the abandonment of coal-based mixtures used in large plants, and the growing interest in the use of biomass-based slurries for small size application. In this respect, the shift from coal to biomass opens new challenges because of the different properties of biomass (density, fibrous structure, spontaneous degradation, hydrophilic behavior, etc.). Biomass-based slurries circumvent problems posed by using solid dry biomass, particularly in handling, storing, and feeding. Although slurry fuels represent a narrow sector, the results of the research investigations and the experience gained with coal can be exploited to contribute to the achievement of a circular approach based on renewable resources in the near future.

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Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also worth noting that using biomass slurries instead of dry biomass/waste granules in BFB plants can limit the occurrence of dynamic [78] and segregation phenomena [79], as well as bed bypass to the freeboard due to the fast release of volatiles from fuel particles [80].…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidized Bed Combustion and Gasification of Fossil and Renewable Slurry Fuels

Miccio

Raganati²,

Ammendola³

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…The air and propane-butane gas are fed to the reactor through a distributor plate. This laboratory fluidized bed reactor was used previously on numerous studies on environmental aspects of waste combustion [40,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: The Thermal Treatment Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature Fluidized Bed Processing of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) as a Way to Recover Raw Materials

2021

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This paper explores the effectiveness of metal recovery and values of gaseous emissions during thermal e-waste processing followed by magnetic separation. The thermal process of conversion of this kind of waste is difficult due to the uncertainty of the operation when compared to the processing of homogeneous materials. This is due to their complex and heterogeneous structure. The adoption of the fluidized bed reactor makes the process feasible, stabilizing it significantly and limiting emissions of harmful gases. Mobile cellphones were used as the raw input material of 450 g total mass. During the thermal transformation, the exhaust gases such as: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, HCI, HBr, HCN, NH3, phenol, hydrocarbons, HF and COCI2 were analysed. The thermal treatment resulted in 333.6 g of solids in the fluidized bed. They were fragmented into grains smaller than 1 mm and 0.5 mm. The process of magnetic enrichment was used next on grains greater than 1 mm and smaller than 0.5 mm. The process was carried out using a neodymium magnet for particles >1 mm and a plate electromagnetic separator (powered by a three-phase current) together with a 1-disc tape-type separator, which was used for particles <1 mm. Such an approach resulted in the recovery of 81.9% of cobalt, 96.6% of iron and 99.2% of neodymium. The most efficient method of magnetic enriching (MS) proved to be the use of the electromagnetic plate separator.

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