Combustion Characteristics of Suspended Hydrocarbon Fuel Droplets with Various Nanoenergetic Additives

Bennewitz, John W.; Badakhshan, Alireza; Talley, Douglas G.

doi:10.1080/00102202.2020.1729756

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Those related to the ignition delay, characterization of atomization, and contribution of atomization to the burning rate are presented in subsections 4.1, Table 2. Ethanol droplet ignition delay of the present study and those reported in [13] and [57].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…It can be inferred from the study of Aggarwal [97] that the ignition delay (τ i ) is the time difference between the instant that the droplet is introduced to the ignition source and the instant that the flame size reaches its maximum value. Similarly, Bennewitz et al [13,98] calculated the ignition delay using the flame area measured by infrared imaging. A similar approach is used in the present study, except the OH * chemiluminescence images are used compared to the infrared images.…”

Section: Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two combustion characteristics, specifically, ignition delay and burning rate, are of relevance to the present study. Past investigations [6,7,9,13] show some controversy in the reported results related to the effect of nanomaterials addition on liquid fuel ignition delay. On one hand, Ooi et al [6,7] reported that the ignition delay of diesel and biodiesel decreases 46.5% by addition of 0.01-0.1% by weight graphite oxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On one hand, Ooi et al [6,7] reported that the ignition delay of diesel and biodiesel decreases 46.5% by addition of 0.01-0.1% by weight graphite oxide. On the other hand, Bennewitz et al [13] reported adding 1% by weight of graphene nanomaterials increases the ignition delay of rocket-grade kerosene by 20%. Similar to Benewitz et al [13], Singh et al [9] reported that ignition delay increases about 3% and 10% by adding 3% by weight of acetylene black nanomaterials to petrodiesel and biodiesel, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Bennewitz et al [13] reported adding 1% by weight of graphene nanomaterials increases the ignition delay of rocket-grade kerosene by 20%. Similar to Benewitz et al [13], Singh et al [9] reported that ignition delay increases about 3% and 10% by adding 3% by weight of acetylene black nanomaterials to petrodiesel and biodiesel, respectively. The reason for such controversy may be related to the different combustion chemistry of the studied fuel, and is not the focus of the present investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene oxide doped ethanol droplet combustion: Ignition delay and contribution of atomization to burning rate

Mosadegh¹,

Ghaffarkhah²,

Kuur³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Effects of graphene oxide nanomaterials addition and oxidation level on ignition delay and burning rate of ethanol droplets are experimentally investigated. Three graphene oxide samples are synthesized and characterized. Separate high-speed OH * chemiluminescence and high-speed shadowgraphy images are collected. The results suggest that increasing the loading concentration from 0 to 0.1% (by weight) generally increases the ignition delay, except for ethanol doped with the highly oxidized graphene. The results show that unlike pure ethanol droplets, atomization may occur for the doped ethanol droplets.It is demonstrated that, independent of the tested conditions, atomization occurs in the second half of the droplet lifetime. The probability density function of the atomized baby droplet diameter, initial projected velocity, and length of the projected trajectory are similar for all tested conditions and independent of the oxidation level and loading concentration of the additives. The joint probability density function calculated for the atomization-related parameters against one another suggests that the majority of the baby droplets feature a relatively short lifetime, indicating they may potentially burn inside the flame envelope. Using droplet surface regression curves versus time, the burning rate for periods in which the atomization does not occur, and for the periods that the atomization is present are estimated. The former burning rate is shown to enhance by increasing the loading concentration and reducing the oxidation level of graphene. However, supported by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy of the graphene oxide samples, it is found that a maximum increase in the latter burning rate for both loading concentrations occurs for ethanol doped with the graphene oxide that features maximum amount of infrared radiation absorption. To quantify the effect of atomization on the droplet mass loss, a conservation of mass framework is utilized, and it is shown that relatively intense atomization suppresses the mass loss. Doping ethanol with graphene oxide and increasing the loading concentration from 0.01 to 0.1% enhances the overall burning rate, with a maximum enhancement of 8.4% pertaining to addition of reduced oxidized graphene oxide and for the loading concentration of 0.1%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%