Combustion and emissions in a methane DI stratified charge engine with hydrogen pre-mixing

Shudo, Toshio; Shimamura, Kazuki; Nakajima, Yasuo

doi:10.1016/s0389-4304(99)00061-2

Cited by 43 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Tables 9 through 12 show the percentage change with reference to base line data for torque, exhaust gas emissions (CO and NO X ), BTE and BSFC for 50% and 100% throttle openings. These data shows significant reductions in CO and NO X , which are comparable to the results of Shudo et al (2000). They too, observed that retarding ignition timing decreases the exhaust gas emissions without adversely affecting engine efficiency.…”

Section: Retard Ignition Timing Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Adding more than approximately 20% hydrogen by volume adversely affected power output and led to increased knock. Shudo et al (2000) investigated the effects on combustion and emissions of a methane-fueled direct injection stratified charge engine, premixed with hydrogen to form an overall lean air-tofuel mixture. Hydrogen premixing increased thermal efficiency and decreased hydrocarbon exhaust emissions for lean operation.…”

Section: Research To Improve Engine Performance and Reduce Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions Characterization of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines Fueled with Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends

Chapman¹,

Patil²

2007

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Hydrogen is an attractive fuel source not only because it is abundant and renewable but also because it produces almost zero regulated emissions.Internal combustion engines fueled by compressed natural gas (CNG) are operated throughout a variety of industries in a number of mobile and stationary applications. While CNG engines offer many advantages over conventional gasoline and diesel combustion engines, CNG engine performance can be substantially improved in the lean operating region. Lean operation has a number of benefits, the most notable of which is reduced emissions. However, the extremely low flame propagation velocities of CNG greatly restrict the lean operating limits of CNG engines. Hydrogen, however, has a high flame speed and a wide operating limit that extends into the lean region. The addition of hydrogen to a CNG engine makes it a viable and economical method to significantly extend the lean operating limit and thereby improve performance and reduce emissions.Drawbacks of hydrogen as a fuel source, however, include lower power density due to a lower heating value per unit volume as compared to CNG, and susceptibility to pre-ignition and engine knock due to wide flammability limits and low minimum ignition energy. Combining hydrogen with CNG, however, overcomes the drawbacks inherent in each fuel type.Objectives of the current study were to evaluate the feasibility of using blends of hydrogen and natural gas as a fuel for conventional natural gas engines. The experiment and data analysis included evaluation of engine performance, efficiency, and emissions along with detailed incylinder measurements of key physical parameters. This provided a detailed knowledge base of the impact of using hydrogen/natural gas blends. A four-stroke, 4.2 L, V-6 naturally aspirated natural gas engine coupled to an eddy current dynamometer was used to measure the impact of hydrogen/natural gas blends on performance, thermodynamic efficiency and exhaust gas emissions in a reciprocating four stroke cycle engine. The test matrix varied engine load and airto-fuel ratio at throttle openings of 50% and 100% at equivalence ratios of 1.00 and 0.90 for hydrogen percentages of 10%, 20% and 30% by volume. In addition, tests were performed at 100% throttle opening, with an equivalence ratio of 0.98 and a hydrogen blend of 20% to further investigate CO emission variations.Data analysis indicated that the use of hydrogen/natural gas fuel blend penalizes the engine operation with a 1.5 to 2.0% decrease in torque, but provided up to a 36% reduction in CO, a 30% reduction in NO X , and a 5% increase in brake thermal efficiency. These results concur with previous results published in the open literature. Further reduction in emissions can be obtained by retarding the ignition timing.

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Section: Retard Ignition Timing Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Research To Improve Engine Performance and Reduce Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions Characterization of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines Fueled with Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends

Chapman¹,

Patil²

2007

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“…If some amount of hydrogen was added to the methane as a fuel for the SI engine, performance characteristics of the engine increased drastically. Shudo et al investigated combustion and emissions with regard to methane and hydrogen use [13]. They performed the test with a four-stroke cycle single cylinder SI engine with a bore × stroke of 85 × 88 mm and a compression ratio of 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on a spark ignition engine fuelled by methane–hydrogen mixtures

Akansu

Kahraman

Çeper

2007

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

156

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“…They concluded that increasing the hydrogen percentage in the hydrogen-methane mixture brought about an increase in the resultant burning velocity and caused a widening of the flammability limit ( Figure 6). Shudo et al, analyzed the characteristics combustion and emission of a methane direct injection stratified charge engine premixed with hydrogen lean mixture [45]. Their results showed that the combustion system achieved higher thermal efficiency due to higher flame propagation velocity and lower exhaust emissions.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Internal Combustion Engines

Çeper¹

2012

Hydrogen Energy - Challenges and Perspectives

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Combustion and emissions in a methane DI stratified charge engine with hydrogen pre-mixing

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions Characterization of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines Fueled with Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends

Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions Characterization of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines Fueled with Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends

Experimental study on a spark ignition engine fuelled by methane–hydrogen mixtures

Use of Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Internal Combustion Engines

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