Combustion and emissions characteristics of compression-ignition engine using dual ammonia-diesel fuel

Reiter, Aaron J.; Kong, Song‐Charng

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.055

Cited by 524 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Application of ammonia to fuel engines goes back to World War II, when the shortage in fossil fuel led some European nations to use ammonia as a fuel in buses [5]. Ammonia regained its interest as an alternative fuel in the past decade, during which plenty of studies have been reported on ammonia usage in compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) engines [3,[5][6][7][8]. Several studies have identified strategies and additives that would assist ammonia in reaching the optimal combustion behavior for its application in combustion engines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [4], an experiment was reported in a dual-fuel engine with diesel being injected along with ammonia to ignite the mixture. Since the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of ammonia is more than half that of diesel, additional ammonia can be introduced in the combustion cylinder to compensate for its lower energy density [7]. The results indicated that a minimum amount of diesel was needed in order to run the engine with the same output.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures

et al. 2019

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The dynamics of a homogeneous adiabatic autoignition of an ammonia/air mixture at constant volume was studied, using the algorithmic tools of Computational Singular Perturbation. Since ammonia combustion is characterized by both unrealistically long ignition delays and elevated NO x emissions, the time frame of action of the modes that are responsible for ignition was analyzed by calculating the developing time scales throughout the process and by studying their possible relation to NO x emissions. The reactions that support or oppose the explosive time scale were identified, along with the variables that are related the most to the dynamics that drive the system to an explosion. It is shown that reaction H 2 O 2 (+M) → OH + OH (+M) is the one contributing the most to the time scale that characterizes ignition and that its reactant H 2 O 2 is the species related the most to this time scale. These findings suggested that addition of H 2 O 2 in the initial mixture will influence strongly the evolution of the process. It was shown that ignition of pure ammonia advanced as a slow thermal explosion with very limited chemical runaway. The ignition delay could be reduced by more than two orders of magnitude through H 2 O 2 addition, which causes only a minor increase in NO x emissions.

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Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures

et al. 2019

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“…Although the advanced pixel count and sensitivity of array detectors boost the spatial and spectral resolution of scanning-based hyperspectral imaging systems, the requirement of steady scanning limits the speed and robustness of scanning based methods. Hence, there is a general scientific interest in investigating spectral imaging of dynamic samples such as combustion processes [15] or fluorescent probes used in biological and biomedical imaging [16,17], and snapshot hyperspectral imaging is one of the main research focuses in this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snapshot hyperspectral imaging via spectral basis multiplexing in Fourier domain

Deng¹,

Hu²,

Suo³

et al. 2018

Opt. Express

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Hyperspectral imaging is an important tool having been applied in various fields, but still limited in observation of dynamic scenes. In this paper, we propose a snapshot hyperspectral imaging technique which exploits both spectral and spatial sparsity of natural scenes. Under the computational imaging scheme, we conduct spectral dimension reduction and spatial frequency truncation to the hyperspectral data cube and snapshot it in a low cost manner. Specifically, we modulate the spectral variations by several broadband spectral filters, and then map these modulated images into different regions in the Fourier domain. The encoded image compressed in both spectral and spatial are finally collected by a monochrome detector. Correspondingly, the reconstruction is essentially a Fourier domain extraction and spectral dimensional back projection with low computational load. This Fourier-spectral multiplexing in a 2D sensor simplifies both the encoding and decoding process, and makes hyperspectral data captured in a low cost manner. We demonstrate the high performance of our method by quantitative evaluation on simulation data and build a prototype system experimentally for further validation.

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“…6 The CO 2 concentration in a diesel engine exhaust can be as high as 12% of the total gas exhaust. 7 In addition to its global effect, elevated levels of CO 2 concentration indicate an insufficient amount of fresh air in confined spaces such as indoor * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. environments, tunnels and basements; which can cause health problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Study on Carbon Dioxide Storage in Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Rende¹,

Ozgur²,

Baysal³

et al. 2012

Jnl of Comp & Theo Nano

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique electronic, mechanical, and structural properties. They were shown to be effective and stable low temperature adsorbent materials that could make them potentially useful for gas storage and separation of various gas mixtures. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 is a greenhouse gas and CO 2 levels in the atmosphere have been steadily increasing due to human activity. Hence, capturing CO 2 is an active research area. Previous studies on CO 2 adsorption using CNTs focused on low concentration CO 2 environments; however, capturing CO 2 at the source (coal plants, automobile emissions, etc.) is a more realistic solution, therefore, in the current study, the potential use of CNTs as CO 2 adsorbents at high concentration CO 2 environments is reported. The effects of single walled carbon nanotube diameter and length, and CO 2 concentration were studied using molecular dynamics simulations at 300 and 320 K. Results showed that CO 2 molecules were selectively adsorbed by the single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), and adsorption was dependent on both the internal volume of the nanotube and the cross-sectional area of the tube entrance. Temperature increase had a substantial impact on the location of CO 2 molecules in and around the nanotube, i.e., at 300 K, CO 2 molecules were located both inside and on the nanotube surface; whereas at 320 K, the CO 2 molecules were mostly inside the nanotube. This result suggests that the mechanism of CO 2 adsorption and retention can be controlled by temperature. Finally, our results showed that although the amount of adsorbed CO 2 increased with increasing CO 2 concentration, the efficiency of adsorption increased with decreasing CO 2 concentration.

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Combustion and emissions characteristics of compression-ignition engine using dual ammonia-diesel fuel

Cited by 524 publications

References 26 publications

Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures

Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures

Snapshot hyperspectral imaging via spectral basis multiplexing in Fourier domain

A Computational Study on Carbon Dioxide Storage in Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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