Combustion and Emission Characteristics, and Emission Control of CNG Fueled Vehicles

Mustafi, Nirendra N.; Ágarwal, Avinash Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0418-1_12

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Mixing natural gas with hydrogen at certain ratios generates hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) which enhances the combustion of natural gas and improves the lean burn capability of engines [78,79]. Biohythane/H 2 -enriched CNG is a mixture of hydrogen (10-30% v/v) and methane (70-90% v/v) and has the potential to be a future allpurpose energy source.…”

Section: Hydrogen-enriched Methanementioning

confidence: 99%

Waste-Derived Renewable Hydrogen and Methane: Towards a Potential Energy Transition Solution

et al. 2023

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an environmentally friendly process for recovering low-carbon energy from the breakdown of organic substrates. In recent years, AD has undergone a major paradigm shift, and now the technology is not only considered as a “waste treatment” method and is instead viewed as a key enabler of the future “circular economy” with its potential for resource recovery (low-carbon energy, safe water, and nutrients). Currently, waste-derived biogas from AD is the most affordable and scalable source of renewable energy. Biomethane (upgraded biogas) can serve as a significant renewable and dispatchable energy source for combating the problem of global warming. Acidogenesis, an intermediate step of AD, can produce molecular hydrogen (H2) along with green chemicals/platform chemicals. The use of low-carbon hydrogen as a clean energy source is on the rise throughout the world, and is currently considered a potential alternative energy source that can contribute to the transition to a carbon-neutral future. In order to determine the future trade routes for hydrogen, nations are developing hydrogen policies, and various agreements. Hydrogen produced by biological routes has been found to be suitable due to its potential as a green energy source that is carbon neutral for the developing “Hydrogen Economy”. Recently, hydrogen blended with methane to a specific proportion and known as biohythane/hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) has emerged as a promising clean fuel that can substantially contribute to an integrated net-zero energy system. This review provides an overview of the current state of fermentative hydrogen and methane production from biogenic waste/wastewater in a biorefinery approach and its utilization in the context of energy transition. The limitations and economic viability of the process, which are crucial challenges associated with biohydrogen/biomethane production, are discussed, along with its utilization.

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Section: Hydrogen-enriched Methanementioning

confidence: 99%

Waste-Derived Renewable Hydrogen and Methane: Towards a Potential Energy Transition Solution

et al. 2023

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“…CNG vehicles are mainly light-duty and commercial vehicles 93% [20]. CNG, recognized as an eco-friendly fuel, has been identified as one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels because of its inherent nature [18,[21][22][23]. Its characteristics are very interesting: large availability, environment-friendly, CI engine and the SI engine compatibility, as well as its low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its characteristics are very interesting: large availability, environment-friendly, CI engine and the SI engine compatibility, as well as its low cost. It can be supplied in three ways: CNG dedicated engine, bi-fuel reequipped gasoline engine and dual-fuel diesel engine [19,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels, Hybrid and Mitigations of Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Scenario Perspective for Algerian Transport Sector by 2050

Bencheikh

Settou

2021

JERA

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The expanding and highly greedy Algerian transport sector is totally depending on petro-products, due to the rising numbers of automobile fleets and the excessive dependence on road transportation. Irrecoverable Greenhouse gases GHGs emitted by this sector are constantly increasing. As a result, consumption of diesel and gasoline reached record levels. Consequently, there is a strong need of cleaner, eco-friendly and economically viable alternative fuels. Biofuels, electric, compressed natural gas CNG, liquefied petroleum gas LGP vehicles, are expected to play a crucial role in meeting energy and environmental policies targets. In this paper, the Algerian transport sector perspectives and Greenhouse gases mitigations, in different shaped scenarios based on semi-empirical models, are analyzed and discussed. For adequate policy shaped in a scenario, in 2050, annual Algerian consumption could decrease up to 35%, 43% of CO2 emissions and 73% of NOx emissions could be mitigated compared to no-intervention scenario. These promising findings indicate the huge potential of resource diversification on the transportation sector. Therefore, implementing such policies is fundamental for a durable Algerian’s transportation sector transition policy.

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“…Very often in the course of research of alternative fuel powered engines, there are fluctuations in exhaust emissions, especially in cooperation with gas controllers and new generation gasoline controllers [21][22][23][24]. The problem is important, because it determines the approval process for the alternative power system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of impact of combustion engine controller adaptation process on level of exhaust gas emissions in gasoline and compressed natural gas supply process

Dziewiatkowski

Szpica

Borawski

2020

19th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings

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Nowadays in many countries, where the conversion of internal combustion engines into alternative gas fuel is economically justified, the installation of CNG fuel systems dominates. According to official data, about 20 million vehicles with engines running on this fuel travel on the roads. Given the significant increase in the number of conversions carried out, special attention should be paid to the level of exhaust emissions of these vehicles. As many researchers show in their publications, combustion of this type of fuel emits less toxic compounds to the atmosphere than conventional fuels. Therefore, ecological aspects also speak for its use, which nowadays, mainly due to significant air pollution, are extremely important. In the case of conversion of vehicles with gasoline engines sequentially controlled by the engine controller, it is possible to adjust the adaptation of the parameters of this controller in various driving cycles, which affects the changes in vehicle emissions from the initial settings of this system. The article describes a number of bench tests that confirm the above statement. Extensive measuring equipment was used, which included, among others, the chassis dynamometer and exhaust gas analyzer. The results of the tests clearly showed that with the passage of using time of the vehicle (increasing mileage) one of the parameters in the control system changes significantly, which also changes the level of exhaust emissions. Unfortunately, this is an unwanted change. It has been suggested to counteract this phenomenon by emulating the lambda probe signal. The proposed solution has been implemented and tested. A series of exhaust emission tests of an engine equipped with a modified power supply system showed the correctness of the adopted solution.

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Combustion and Emission Characteristics, and Emission Control of CNG Fueled Vehicles

Cited by 7 publications

References 78 publications

Waste-Derived Renewable Hydrogen and Methane: Towards a Potential Energy Transition Solution

Waste-Derived Renewable Hydrogen and Methane: Towards a Potential Energy Transition Solution

Biofuels, Hybrid and Mitigations of Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Scenario Perspective for Algerian Transport Sector by 2050

Evaluation of impact of combustion engine controller adaptation process on level of exhaust gas emissions in gasoline and compressed natural gas supply process

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