“…As in [16], the authors proposed a traffic forecast model on top of LSTM network. The work of [17] applied gated recurrent neural network (GRU) to predict urban traffic flow with consideration of weather conditions.…”
Recently, traffic flow prediction has drawn significant attention because it is a prerequisite in intelligent transportation management in urban informatics. The massively-available traffic data collected from various sensors in Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems brings the opportunities in accurately forecasting traffic trend. Recent advances in deep learning shows the effectiveness on traffic flow prediction though most of them only demonstrate the superior performance on traffic data from a single type of vehicular carriers (e.g., cars) and does not perform well in other types of vehicles. To fill this gap, we propose a wide-attention and deep-composite (WADC) model consisting of a wide-attention module and a deep-composite module in this paper. In particular, the wide-attention module can extract global key features from traffic flows via a linear model with selfattention mechanism. The deep-composite module can generalize local key features via Convolutional Neural Network component and Long Short-Term Memory Network component. We also perform extensive experiments on different types of traffic flow datasets to investigate the performance of WADC model. Our experimental results exhibit that WADC model outperforms other existing approaches.
“…As in [16], the authors proposed a traffic forecast model on top of LSTM network. The work of [17] applied gated recurrent neural network (GRU) to predict urban traffic flow with consideration of weather conditions.…”
Recently, traffic flow prediction has drawn significant attention because it is a prerequisite in intelligent transportation management in urban informatics. The massively-available traffic data collected from various sensors in Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems brings the opportunities in accurately forecasting traffic trend. Recent advances in deep learning shows the effectiveness on traffic flow prediction though most of them only demonstrate the superior performance on traffic data from a single type of vehicular carriers (e.g., cars) and does not perform well in other types of vehicles. To fill this gap, we propose a wide-attention and deep-composite (WADC) model consisting of a wide-attention module and a deep-composite module in this paper. In particular, the wide-attention module can extract global key features from traffic flows via a linear model with selfattention mechanism. The deep-composite module can generalize local key features via Convolutional Neural Network component and Long Short-Term Memory Network component. We also perform extensive experiments on different types of traffic flow datasets to investigate the performance of WADC model. Our experimental results exhibit that WADC model outperforms other existing approaches.
“…However, due to the nature of the above mentioned traffic features and their dependency on past traffic conditions, several studies have been done to discover correlations using RNN to predict traffic characteristics. For instance, Zhang and Kabuka (2018) have used a gated RNN unit to predict traffic flow with respect to the weather conditions, where Jia et al (2016) have used LSTM to overcome the same challenge. and Tian and Pan (2015) have used LSTM to predict travel time as well as traffic flow, while also taking into account weather conditions.…”
In recent years, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have seen efficient and faster development by implementing deep learning techniques in problem domains which were previously addressed using analytical or statistical solutions and also in some areas that were untouched. These improvements have facilitated traffic management and traffic planning, increased safety and security in transit roads, decreased costs of maintenance, optimized public transportation and ride-sharing company's performance, and advanced driver-less vehicle development to a new stage. This papers primary objective was to provide a review and comprehensive insight into the applications of deep learning models on intelligent transportation systems accompanied by presenting the progress of ITS research due to deep learning. First, different techniques of deep learning and their state-of-the-art are discussed, followed by an in-depth analysis and explanation of the current applications of these techniques in transportation systems. This enumeration of deep learning on ITS highlights its significance in the domain. The applications are furthermore categorized based on the gap they are trying to address. Finally, different embedded systems for deployment of these techniques are investigated and their advantages and weaknesses over each other are discussed. Based on this systematic review, credible benefits of deep learning models on ITS are demonstrated and directions for future research are discussed.
“…One day's data (8:00 AM to 8:00 PM) from the website of the ministry of communication of Taiwan were used for their experiments. Zhang et al [31] used atmospheric data (average wind speed, temperature, ice fog, freezing fog, smoke) as input to gated recurrent neural network to predict the traffic flow. Rey del Castillo [6] presented an analysis on Madrid's traffic.…”
Traffic flow forecasting is one of the most important use cases related to smart cities. In addition to assisting traffic management authorities, traffic forecasting can help drivers to choose the best path to their destinations. Accurate traffic forecasting is a basic requirement for traffic management. We propose a traffic forecasting approach that utilizes air pollution and atmospheric parameters. Air pollution levels are often associated with traffic intensity, and much work is already available in which air pollution has been predicted using road traffic. However, to the best of our knowledge, an attempt to improve forecasting road traffic using air pollution and atmospheric parameters is not yet available in the literature. In our preliminary experiments, we found out the relation between traffic intensity, air pollution, and atmospheric parameters. Therefore, we believe that addition of air pollutants and atmospheric parameters can improve the traffic forecasting. Our method uses air pollution gases, including C O , N O , N O 2 , N O x , and O 3 . We chose these gases because they are associated with road traffic. Some atmospheric parameters, including pressure, temperature, wind direction, and wind speed have also been considered, as these parameters can play an important role in the dispersion of the above-mentioned gases. Data related to traffic flow, air pollution, and the atmosphere were collected from the open data portal of Madrid, Spain. The long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) was used in this paper to perform traffic forecasting.
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