“…Epidemiological surveillance systems enable the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, together with the dissemination of these data to public health practitioners, clinicians, decision makers and the general population for preventing and controlling diseases (Choi, 2012;Richards et al, 2017;Jiomekong and Camara, 2019;Azanzi et al, 2023). It should support timely, efficient, flexible, scalable and interoperable data acquisition, analysis and dissemination.…”