Combining presumptive color tests, pressure-sensitive adhesive-based collection, and paper spray-mass spectrometry for illicit drug detection

Prunty, Sarah; Carmany, Daniel; Dhummakupt, Elizabeth S.; Manicke, Nicholas E.

doi:10.1039/d3an00559c

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Here, we used color tests for this purpose. However, color tests do not indicate the exact compounds the sample contains and may not be reliable, providing false-positive/-negative results due to factors such as drug content in the tablets, tablet purity, emergence of new psychoactive substances in the market, and the poor specificity of these tests [16,28]. Thus, here we followed the SWGDRUG classification [13] and analyzed the seized samples with color tests (Marquis, sulfuric acid, Simon's reagent, Simon's reagent with acetone), classified as Category C, and compared the results with the qualitative results we obtained with gas chromatography and the results we obtained with the voltammetric method developed herein.…”

Section: Color Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric MDMA Analysis of Seized Ecstasy Samples

Tadini,

Ipólito,

de Oliveira

2023

Psychoactives

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(1) Background: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an illicit drug that is sold as ecstasy. We aimed to develop a voltammetric method based on a chemically modified electrode (CME) to analyze MDMA. (2) Methods: The CME was evaluated with respect to the percentage of modifier, pre-concentration time, electroanalytical parameters, and selectivity. Then, the performance of the new voltammetric method was compared to the performance of color tests and chromatographic analyses (GC-MS and UPLC-MS) during the analysis of 11 seized ecstasy batches. (3) Results: The modifier percentage (v/v) of 1.5% provided the best CME. The electroanalytical parameters were in a linear range from 4.06 to 25.42 µmol L−1, SD = 0.018 µA, m = 84.0 × 103 µA L mol−1, r = 0.999, LD = 0.64 µmol L−1, and LQ = 2.17 µmol L−1. The CME was selective for MDMA. The MDMA concentration in the analyzed ecstasy lots ranged from 0 (without MDMA) to 63% (w/w). The voltammetric method developed for quantifying MDMA in ecstasy lots proved feasible and accurate (with a relative percentage error of ≤ ±13.2%). (4) Conclusions: The CME developed herein showed greater sensitivity (m) and lower LD and LQ for quantifying MDMA traces, paving the way for the use of voltammetric methods during forensic investigations.

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Section: Color Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric MDMA Analysis of Seized Ecstasy Samples

Tadini,

Ipólito,

de Oliveira

2023

Psychoactives

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Portable Instrumentation for Ambient Ionization and Miniature Mass Spectrometers

Smith,

Hankinson,

Maher

2024

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry

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We critically evaluate the current status of portable mass spectrometry (pMS), particularly where this aligns with ambient ionization. Assessing the field of pMS can be quite subjective, especially in relation to the portable aspects of design, deployment, and operation. In this review, we discuss what it means to be portable and introduce a set of criteria by which pMS and ambient ionization sources can be assessed. Moreover, we consider the recent literature in terms of the most popular and significant advances in portable instrumentation for ambient ionization and miniature mass spectrometers. Finally, emerging trends and exciting future prospects are discussed and some recommendations are offered.

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Combining presumptive color tests, pressure-sensitive adhesive-based collection, and paper spray-mass spectrometry for illicit drug detection

Abstract: Illicit drug trafficking and abuse is a significant public safety and health concern. Color tests are commonly used for drug screening, but their poor specificity results in false positives. This...

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Voltammetric MDMA Analysis of Seized Ecstasy Samples

Voltammetric MDMA Analysis of Seized Ecstasy Samples

Portable Instrumentation for Ambient Ionization and Miniature Mass Spectrometers

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