Combining Models of the Critical Streakline and the Cross-Sectional Distribution of Juvenile Salmon to Predict Fish Routing at River Junctions

Hance, Dalton; Perry, Russell W.; Burau, Jon R.; Blake, Aaron R.; Stumpner, Paul R.; Wang, Xiaochung; Pope, Adam C.

doi:10.15447/sfews.2020v18iss1art3

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These results can be used to evaluate whether, for example, the effects of a river bend (such as in [ 32 ]) will persist long enough to affect entrainment at a downstream junction. Improved data on lateral swimming may also aid the generalization of results from studies such as [ 24 ], by quantifying aspects of fish behavior that affect the persistence of cross-sectional distributions along a reach. Lastly, habitat restorations and nonphysical barriers may affect lateral distributions [ 56 ], and alterations to route selection may depend on persistence of changes in lateral distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the landscape or basin scale, behavior generally cannot be observed directly, but is inferred from large scale movement of animals, such as in [ 22 ] where timing of emigration was linked to basin hydrology. Behavior at the scale of river junctions, and the associated route selection, is of great practical interest and has been successfully related to local hydrodynamic forcing in studies such as [ 23 , 24 ]. In particular [ 24 ], correlated lateral position of fish (relative to the critical streakline) to route selection 250 m downstream, which can be seen as a test of the persistence of cross-sectional distributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavior at the scale of river junctions, and the associated route selection, is of great practical interest and has been successfully related to local hydrodynamic forcing in studies such as [ 23 , 24 ]. In particular [ 24 ], correlated lateral position of fish (relative to the critical streakline) to route selection 250 m downstream, which can be seen as a test of the persistence of cross-sectional distributions. Correlation was strong during high flows, but weakened for low flows, which was attributed to lateral swimming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swimming behavior of emigrating Chinook Salmon smolts

et al. 2022

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Swimming behavior of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) smolts affects transit time, route selection and survival in complex aquatic ecosystems. Behavior quantified at the river reach and junction scale is of particular importance for route selection and predator avoidance, though few studies have developed field-based approaches for quantifying swimming behavior of juvenile migratory fishes at this fine spatial scale. Two-dimensional acoustic fish telemetry at a river junction was combined with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to estimate in situ emigration swimming behavior of federally-threatened juvenile Chinook salmon smolts. Fish velocity over ground was estimated from telemetry, while the hydrodynamic model supplied simultaneous, colocated water velocities, with swimming velocity defined by the vector difference of the two velocities. Resulting swimming speeds were centered around 2 body lengths/second, and included distinct behaviors of positive rheotaxis, negative rheotaxis, lateral swimming, and passive transport. Lateral movement increased during the day, and positive rheotaxis increased in response to local hydrodynamic velocities. Swim velocity estimates were sensitive to the combination of vertical shear in water velocities and vertical distribution of fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swimming behavior of emigrating Chinook Salmon smolts

et al. 2022

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“…Yet, understanding and managing complex ecosystems such as the estuary ultimately requires applying such inter-disciplinary thinking to the challenging decisions that resource managers and policy-makers face. Indeed, the community of scientists and researchers who study the estuary are at the forefront of interdisciplinary research via their integration of the physical and biological sciences (Feyrer et al 2011;Kimmerer et al 2013;Hance et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Effects of Climate-Driven Salinity Variation in the San Francisco Estuary: Can We Anticipate and Manage the Coming Changes?

Ghalambor¹,

Grosholtz²,

Gross³

et al. 2020

SFEWS

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Climate change-driven sea level rise and altered precipitation regimes are predicted to alter patterns of salt intrusion within the San Francisco Estuary. A central question is: Can we use existing knowledge and future projections to predict and manage the anticipated ecological impacts? This was the subject of a 2018 symposium entitled “Ecological and Physiological Impacts of Salinization of Aquatic Systems from Human Activities.” The symposium brought together an inter-disciplinary group of scientists and researchers, resource managers, and policy-makers. Here, we summarize and review the presentations and discussions that arose during the symposium. From a historical perspective, salt intrusion has changed substantially over the past 10,000 years as a result of changing climate patterns, with additional shifts from recent anthropogenic effects. Current salinity patterns in the San Francisco Estuary are driven by a suite of hydrodynamic processes within the given contexts of water management and geography. Based on climate projections for the coming century, significant changes are expected in the processes that determine the spatial and temporal patterns of salinity. Given that native species—including fishes such as the Delta Smelt and Sacramento Splittail—track favorable habitats, exhibit physiological acclimation, and can adaptively evolve, we present a framework for assessing their vulnerability to altered salinity in the San Francisco Estuary. We then present a range of regulatory and structural management tools that are available to control patterns of salinity within the San Francisco Estuary. Finally, we identify major research priorities that can help fill critical gaps in our knowledge about future salinity patterns and the consequences of climate change and sea level rise. These research projects will be most effective with strong linkages and communication between scientists and researchers, resource managers, and policy-makers.

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“…This change in relationship between flow and fish routing is likely related to fish behavior. At higher water velocities, fish can do little to alter their location and actively select a route and are thus constrained by the parcel of water in which they are located, ultimately determining the route they enter (Perry et al 2016;Hance et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tidally Varying River Flow on Entrainment of Juvenile Salmon into Sutter and Steamboat Sloughs

Romine¹,

Perry²,

Stumpner³

et al. 2020

SFEWS

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Survival of juvenile salmonids in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta) varies by migration route, and thus the proportion of fish that use each route affects overall survival through the Delta. Understanding factors that drive routing at channel junctions along the Sacramento River is therefore critical to devising management strategies that maximize survival. Here, we examine entrainment of acoustically tagged juvenile Chinook Salmon into Sutter and Steamboat sloughs from the Sacramento River. Because these sloughs divert fish away from the downstream entrances of the Delta Cross Channel and Georgiana Slough (where fish access the low-survival region of the interior Delta), management actions to increase fish entrainment into Sutter and Steamboat sloughs are being investigated to increase through-Delta survival. Previous studies suggest that fish generally “go with the flow”—as net flow into a divergence increases, the proportion of fish that enter that divergence correspondingly increases. However, complex tidal hydrodynamics at sub-daily time-scales may be decoupled from net flow. Therefore, we modeled routing of acoustic tagged juvenile salmon as a function of tidally varying hydrodynamic data, which was collected using temporary gaging stations deployed between March and May of 2014. Our results indicate that discharge, the proportion of flow that entered the slough, and the rate of change of flow were good predictors of an individual’s probability of being entrained. In addition, interactions between discharge and the proportion of flow revealed a non-linear relationship between flow and entrainment probability. We found that the highest proportions of fish are likely to be entrained into Steamboat Slough and Sutter Slough on the ascending and descending limbs of the tidal cycle, when flow changes from positive to negative. Our findings characterize how patterns of entrainment vary with tidal flow fluctuations, providing information critical for understanding the potential effect of management actions (e.g., fish guidance structures) to modify routing probabilities at this location.

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Combining Models of the Critical Streakline and the Cross-Sectional Distribution of Juvenile Salmon to Predict Fish Routing at River Junctions

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Swimming behavior of emigrating Chinook Salmon smolts

Swimming behavior of emigrating Chinook Salmon smolts

Ecological Effects of Climate-Driven Salinity Variation in the San Francisco Estuary: Can We Anticipate and Manage the Coming Changes?

Effects of Tidally Varying River Flow on Entrainment of Juvenile Salmon into Sutter and Steamboat Sloughs

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