Combining modelling and monitoring to determine fluxes of water, dissolved and particulate metals through the Dover Strait

Prandle, D.; Ballard, Gregory A.; Flatt, D.; Harrison, A.J.; Jones, Sarah E.; Knight, P.; Loch, S. G.; McManus, J.; Player, R. J.; Tappin, Alan D.

doi:10.1016/0278-4343(95)00009-p

Cited by 56 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, the mean flux of 0.01-0.02Sv into the North Sea is nearly an order of magnitude smaller than the 0.094Sv calculated by Prandle et al (1996) from HF radar and bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements, although the value is within one standard deviation of the model mean. The model results agree on a net northwards flow of 0.14Sv through St. George's Channel, which corresponds to the 0.11-0.14Sv volume flux observed by Brown and Gmitrowicz (1995) through the North Channel of the Irish Sea and the value of 0.077±0.013Sv given by Knight and Howarth (1999).…”

Section: Volume Fluxes and Currentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Pingree and Le Cann (1989) Table 2 Mean and standard deviations of the daily-mean volume fluxes through the 12 sections ( Fig. 1) for four model runs (Table 1) Prandle et al (1996), 6 from Fernand et al (2006, 7 and 8 from Huthnance and Gould (1989) and 10, 11 and 12 from Otto et al (1990) The models all agree on a northwards flux ~1-4Sv through section 5, west of Porcupine Bank but the RMS differences are high. All the model runs agree that a much smaller northwards flux occurs through the Porcupine Bank (section 6) than further west along the edge of the continental shelf (section 5).…”

Section: Volume Fluxes and Currentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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The influence of initial conditions and open boundary conditions on shelf circulation in a 3D ocean-shelf model of the North East Atlantic

2008

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Data from climatology (World Ocean Atlas) and two large scale operational ocean models (Forecasting Ocean Assimilation Model -FOAM, UK Met. Office) and the Navy Coastal Ocean Model -NCOM, US Naval Research Laboratory) are used to give initial and open boundary conditions for a northeast Atlantic implementation of the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Model System (POLCOMS). We study the effects of using the different datasets on the temperature fields and the circulation.On the continental shelf, comparisons of POLCOMS output with AVHRR sea surface temperature data suggest that the effect of using different ocean model initial and boundary conditions is small and that, after 15 months of model time, the impact of the different initial conditions is negligible. Stronger evidence of influence is seen in the deeper oceanic regions of the domain. Volume fluxes through sections governing flow into and out of the North Sea, through the Irish Sea and along the shelf edge show that the impact of the different boundary conditions is small on the shelf but significant elsewhere. These results are contrasted with the use of climatology to assess the value of these Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) ocean model products.

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Section: Volume Fluxes and Currentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Volume Fluxes and Currentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

The influence of initial conditions and open boundary conditions on shelf circulation in a 3D ocean-shelf model of the North East Atlantic

2008

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“…These northern transports total about 1.7 Sv, greatly exceeding the Dover Strait inflow ∼0.1 Sv (Prandle et al, 1996) and combined river inputs (including those via the Baltic). The "Atlantic Water" may have been significantly modified by its long transit across the shelf for the Dover Strait inflow.…”

Section: North Seamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This localised exchange, when it occurs, could be comparable with the slope current transport, O(1 Sv or 1 m 2 /s if attributed to the whole sector). The discontinuous coast allows on-shelf wind-forced flow to extend eastwards through the English Channel (about 0.1 Sv; Prandle et al, 1996) and northwards through the Irish Sea (about 0.1 Sv; Knight and Howarth, 1999). Tidal currents exceed 0.5 m/s at the shelf edge west of Brittany, where tidally-rectified flow reaches 0.1 m/s.…”

Section: Celtic Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep ocean exchange with west-European shelf seas

2009

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Abstract. We review mechanisms and studies of exchange between the north-east Atlantic and the adjacent shelf seas. Well-developed summer upwelling and associated filaments off Portugal and north-west Spain give exchange O(3 m 2 /s per unit length of shelf). Prevailing westerly winds further north drive exchange O(1 m 2 /s). Poleward flow along most of the upper slope has associated secondary circulation O(1 m 2 /s), meanders and eddies. Eddies are shed from slope waters into the Bay of Biscay, and local exchanges occur at shelf spurs and depressions or canyons (e.g. dense-water cascading of order 1 m 2 /s). Tidal transports are larger, but their reversal every six hours makes exchange largely ineffective except where internal tides are large and non-linear, as in the Celtic Sea where solitons carry water with exchange O(1 m 2 /s). These various physical exchanges amount to an estimated 2-3 m 2 /s per unit length of shelf, between ocean and shelf. A numerical model estimate is comparable: 2.5×10 6 m 3 /s onto and off the shelf from Brittany to Norway. Mixing controls the seasonal thermocline, affecting primary production and hence fluxes and fate of organic matter. Specifically, CO 2 take-up by primary production, settling below the thermocline before respiration, and then off-shelf transport, make an effective shelf-sea "pump" (for CO 2 from the atmosphere to the deep ocean). However, knowledge of biogeochemical fluxes is generally sparse, giving scope for more measurements, model validation and estimates from models.

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“…First, the branching of the North Atlantic Current into the North Sea along the Norwegian coast (Turell 1992) may allow a high connectivity between the north east Atlantic and the northern North Sea through passive dispersal of the young pelagic stages along this route. Moreover, substantial gene flow through passive drift between the southwestern British Isles and the southern North Sea could be ensured by the residual current flowing eastwards from the Atlantic to the Southern Bight through the English Channel (Prandle et al 1996). However, Atlantic and Celtic shelf waters are, to some extent, seasonally isolated from the English Channel by the Ushant front (from the Brittany peninsular across the western English Channel to the UK coast) that appears with the increase of temperatures in spring and lasts until the mixing of the water column in autumn.…”

Section: Weak Population Structure In Atlantic Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of whiting Merlangius merlangus in the northeast Atlantic and adjacent waters

Charrier¹,

Coombs²,

McQuinn³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Accurate identification of stock boundaries is essential for efficient fisheries management; hence, the present study focused on the genetic structure of whiting. To this aim, 488 individuals collected from the southern Bay of Biscay to the southern Norwegian coast were genotyped using 7 microsatellites. A low level of genetic structuring was detected in Atlantic waters; only the Bay of Biscay differentiated from more northern samples. The lack of genetic structure along the western margin of the British Isles is consistent with a high level of passive transport of pelagic eggs and larvae due to the combined influence of the North Atlantic Current and the Shelf Edge Current. High levels of dispersal could also occur between the western British Isles and the North Sea through both the branching of the North Atlantic Current into the northern North Sea and the residual current flowing from the English Channel to the Southern Bight. In contrast, a significant genetic structure was identified within the North Sea, and this may be associated with the complex oceanography of this basin and retention systems reducing larval dispersal. In addition, considering also genetic, phenotypic and tag-recapture data collected on whiting, a learned homing behaviour of adults toward spawning areas may be hypothesised. KEY WORDS: Whiting · Merlangius merlangus · Microsatellites · Genetic structure · Larval dispersalResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Combining modelling and monitoring to determine fluxes of water, dissolved and particulate metals through the Dover Strait

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

The influence of initial conditions and open boundary conditions on shelf circulation in a 3D ocean-shelf model of the North East Atlantic

The influence of initial conditions and open boundary conditions on shelf circulation in a 3D ocean-shelf model of the North East Atlantic

Deep ocean exchange with west-European shelf seas

Genetic structure of whiting Merlangius merlangus in the northeast Atlantic and adjacent waters

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