“…The piezoelectric motor is a form of precision actuation systems and has been used in various applications, such as precision positioning stages (Bardin and Vasilev, 2017; Cai et al, 2018), medical instruments (Chen et al, 2016; Li et al, 2020), semiconductor chip manufacturing (Ito et al, 2019), and aerospace (Koh et al, 2010). It utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to transform the electric energy into the mechanical output which can be applied directly to engineering applications (Hwang et al, 2019) or amplified through specific devices (Chen et al, 2015; Li and Yao, 2018; Wang et al, 2018a) to drive mover.…”