Combining linkage and association mapping identifiesRECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE1as an essentialArabidopsisshoot regeneration gene

Abstract

De novo shoot organogenesis (i.e., the regeneration of shoots on nonmeristematic tissue) is widely applied in plant biotechnology. However, the capacity to regenerate shoots varies highly among plant species and cultivars, and the factors underlying it are still poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the shoot regeneration capacity of 88 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions and found that the process is blocked at different stages in different accessions. We show that the variation in regeneration capacity between the Arabidopsis accessions Nok-3 and Ga-0 is determined by five quantitative trait loci (QTL): REG-1 to REG-5. Fine mapping by local association analysis identified RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE1 (RPK1), an abscisic acid-related receptor, as the most likely gene underlying REG-1, which was confirmed by quantitative failure of an RPK1 mutation to complement the high and low REG-1 QTL alleles. The importance of RPK1 in regeneration was further corroborated by mutant and expression analysis. Altogether, our results show that association mapping combined with linkage mapping is a powerful method to discover important genes implicated in a biological process as complex as shoot regeneration.regeneration recalcitrance | SNP | ABA | natural variation | QTG

Thioredoxin-Mediated ROS Homeostasis Explains Natural Variation in Plant Regeneration

“…Even in the same species, the shoot regeneration capacity varies among different 77 genotypes (Motte et al, 2014). However, the mechanisms underlying this natural variation in shoot 78 regeneration capacity remains unclear.…”

“…Several studies have identified a few quantitative trait loci 79 related to natural variations in shoot regeneration (Schiantarelli et al, 2001;Lall et al, 2004;80 Velázquez et al, 2004). A recent study has shown that RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE1 81 (RPK1) gene is involved in natural variation in shoot regeneration capacity (Motte et al, 2014).…”

PLETHORA Genes Control Regeneration by a Two-Step Mechanism

“…It is only very recently that the complex shoot regeneration process has been dissected into phases, and the links between them examined. A recent report by Motte et al [34] observed wide natural variation in different parameters such as callus development, callus greening, formation of primordia, and shoots during shoot regeneration across 88 Arabidopsis accessions. They performed correlation analysis between the traits.…”

Plant regeneration: cellular origins and molecular mechanisms

“…Genetic variability has been utilized to identify novel factors that modulate the efficiency of regeneration in many plant species (Armstrong et al, 1992;Taguchi-Shiobara et al, 1997;Ben Amer et al, 1997;Flores Berrios et al, 2000;Mano and Komatsuda, 2002;Trujillo-Moya et al, 2011). A leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase, RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE1 (RPK1), for instance, was identified as a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) that affects shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis accessions (Motte et al, 2014). RPK1 is implicated in ABA signaling, and although this hormone has not been studied extensively in the context of regeneration it has been reported to influence shoot regeneration in several plant species (Ghasemi Bezdi et al, 2007;Hoang and Raldugina, 2012;Huang et al, 2012).…”