Combining experimental and numerical investigations to explore the potential of downsized engines operating with methane/hydrogen blends

Laget, Olivier; Richard, Stéphane; Serrano, David; Soleri, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.153

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In their study of H 2 /CO/CH 4 /air opposed-jet flames, Cheng et al report that H 2 addition increases the laminar flame speed, as have also numerous other investigators. ,,− This is mainly due to the high reactivity of H 2 leading to a high production rate of H and OH radicals. − Das et al experimentally studied the effect of H 2 O on the laminar flame speeds of moist H 2 /CO/air mixtures using the counterflow twin-flame configuration under fuel-lean conditions. They report that the laminar flame speed varies nonmonotonically for CO-rich mixtures, first increasing, reaching a maximum value, and then decreasing with H 2 O addition (similar nonmonotonic impact was also recently reported by others , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Feasibility Study of Biogas Reforming To Improve Energy Efficiency and To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Dabir

Cao

Prosser

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The goal of this research was to determine the feasibility of employing the catalytic steam reforming of biogas to increase its energy content by converting the methane it contains into a hydrogen-rich syngas mixture and using this reformate product intermixed with raw biogas in a lean-burn gas engine in order to enhance combustion stability and to reduce NOX emissions. The field-testing component of the project involved catalytically reforming a side stream of biomethane from a landfill gas collection system at a California landfill via a waste energy chemical recuperation process, in which waste heat from a gas engine was used to promote the reforming reaction of biogas. In the study, the total flow of raw biogas diverted to the engine remained constant. A fraction of that biogas was, however, separated and directed to the aforementioned catalytic reactor. The reformer exit stream was then dried, blended with the remaining biogas, and burned in an internal combustion engine to produce electricity. When operating on the blended biogas mixture, combustion stability was enhanced, and the engine ran smoothly at the full speed of 3600 rpm with a 60 Hz output frequency. On the other hand, when burning raw biogas without any reformate gas blended, the test engine ran poorly, sputtering and never reaching 3600 rpm. Also, when operating at various loads under fuel-lean (excess-air) conditions, NOX emissions were significantly reduced when compared to the engine operating on propane under the same load conditions. Similar comparative testing could not be performed on raw landfill gas alone because the engine would not operate at full speed, as noted above. The research presented here has validated the technical and economic feasibility of using reforming products during biogas combustion in a lean-burn gas engine in order to reduce NOX emissions and to enhance combustion stability. This, in our opinion, is an important contribution to the scientific/technical literature and a significant advance for the field of biogas utilization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Feasibility Study of Biogas Reforming To Improve Energy Efficiency and To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Dabir

Cao

Prosser

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Due to the discovery of shale gas reserves worldwide, natural gas has become available in abundance [37], and several researchers have focused on this fuel for production of hydrogen [32,37,67]. Other aspects of shale gas, such as life cycle assessment and greenhouse gas footprint, have also been studied [72,73].…”

Section: Microstructured Fuel Processorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructured Reactors for Hydrogen Production from Ethanol

Peela

Kunzru

2015

Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering

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The continuously increasing demand for clean and renewable energy warrants the development of renewable, nonpolluting energy resources. Hydrogen is emerging as a natural choice as a more secure and cleaner energy carrier. Fuel cells can be used to produce clean energy from hydrogen, particularly for portable applications. Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of fossil fuel sources, but to decrease the dependence on fossil fuels, hydrogen has to be produced from a renewable source. Hydrogen production from steam reforming of ethanol (a renewable fuel) has emerged as a promising alternative in recent years. For conducting this reaction on board a vehicle, a compact reactor system is required. A microchannel reactor is more efficient and attractive for this purpose, because of the high surface to volume ratio, resulting in high heat and mass transfer rates.The reactions involved in producing CO-free hydrogen from ethanol include steam reforming of ethanol, water-gas shift reaction, and preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide. This chapter discusses the steps involved in the development of a microfuel processor for producing hydrogen from ethanol that include fabrication of the microchannels on the metal substrate, coating of the catalyst and support on the microchannels, assembly of the microchannel reactor, optimization of the catalysts for the three reactions, and, finally, heat integration of the different processes to maximize the efficiency of the fuel processor.

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“…The use of gases obtained from the catalytic decomposition of biogas has been also reported [30]. In much of the published works, the results on the use of hydrogen/methane mixtures were obtained on single-cylinder dedicated ICEs which are very versatile research tools [31]. There are also studies with bigger commercial engines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the performance and emission characteristics of an adapted commercial four-cylinder spark ignition engine running on hydrogen–methane mixtures

et al. 2014

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Combining experimental and numerical investigations to explore the potential of downsized engines operating with methane/hydrogen blends

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Feasibility Study of Biogas Reforming To Improve Energy Efficiency and To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Feasibility Study of Biogas Reforming To Improve Energy Efficiency and To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Microstructured Reactors for Hydrogen Production from Ethanol

Experimental study of the performance and emission characteristics of an adapted commercial four-cylinder spark ignition engine running on hydrogen–methane mixtures

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