Combining dependent tests with incomplete repeated measurements

Wei, Lianjie; Johnson, Wayne E.

doi:10.1093/biomet/72.2.359

Cited by 205 publications

(109 citation statements)

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“…There was, however, significantly greater histamine release (P < 0.02) from RA synovial mast cells compared with OA synovial mast cells when anti-IgE antibody was used as the secretagogue (Figure 1B). When the overall treatment effect of all doses of anti-IgE antibody studied was compared between the 2 groups using a univariate approach to repeated measures (17), this difference was maintained. Four synovial mast cell suspensions obtained from RA joints (all of which had less active clinical disease) released only a small amount of histamine in response to anti-IgE antibody, similar to the levels observed in the OA group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Bridges¹,

Malone²,

Jicinsky³

et al. 1991

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Mast cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion of synovium obtained from 48 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 42 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). A significantly lower percentage of stainable synovial mast cells was obtained by tissue digestion from patients with clinically active RA compared with those with less active disease. The 54 patients treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs had a significantly lower percentage of stainable synovial mast cells in cell suspension than did the other 36 patients. When anti‐IgE antibody was used as a secretagogue in vitro, significantly greater histamine release was observed from synovial mast cells of RA patients compared with OA patients. Greater histamine release in response to anti‐IgE was observed in the RA patients with more clinically active disease and those who were treated with prednisone, compared with RA patients without these features. Synovial mast cells of RA patients treated with a disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug had a significantly lower mean histamine content than did cells from patients not receiving such treatment. Our data suggest that there are differences between synovial mast cells from tissues of patients with RA and OA and suggest that synovial mast cells may be activated in clinically active RA. In addition, the data indicate an effect of systemic anti‐rheumatic therapy on mast cells isolated from synovium of patients with arthritis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Bridges¹,

Malone²,

Jicinsky³

et al. 1991

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…Analysis of viral burdens made use of median viremia levels during acute-phase infection (weeks 1.5 to 3) and at the set point (weeks 8 to 24). Differences between groups were analyzed by using the Wei-Johnson test (43) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against Mucosal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV _mac251 Challenge by Using Replicating Adenovirus-SIV Multigene Vaccine Priming and Subunit Boosting

Patterson¹,

Malkevitch²,

Venzon

et al. 2004

J Virol

168

132

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Whereas several recent AIDS vaccine strategies have protected rhesus macaques against a pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) 89.6P challenge, similar approaches have provided only modest, transient reductions in viral burden after challenge with virulent, pathogenic SIV, which is more representative of HIV infection of people. We show here that priming with replicating adenovirus recombinants encoding SIV env/rev, gag, and/or nef genes, followed by boosting with SIV gp120 or an SIV polypeptide mimicking the CD4 binding region of the envelope, protects rhesus macaques from intrarectal infection with the highly pathogenic SIV mac251 . Using trend analysis, significant reductions in acute-phase and set point viremia were correlated with anti-gp120 antibody and cellular immune responses, respectively. Within immunization groups exhibiting significant protection, a subset (39%) of macaques have exhibited either no viremia, cleared viremia, or controlled viremia at the threshold of detection, now more than 40 weeks postchallenge. This combination prime-boost strategy, utilizing replication competent adenovirus, is a promising alternative for HIV vaccine development.

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“…For example, previous methods using this general approach have been developed for valid genetic association testing between a phenotype and genetic markers in correlated samples (Wei and Johnson 1985;Xu et al 2003;Yang et al 2010;Zhu et al 2015), and CAnD is an adaptation of this approach for detecting heterogeneity in ancestry across the genome while accounting for correlations among chromosomes within an admixed individual. …”

Section: The Cand Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Heterogeneity in Population Structure Across the Genome in Admixed Populations

2016

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The genetic structure of human populations is often characterized by aggregating measures of ancestry across the autosomal chromosomes. While it may be reasonable to assume that population structure patterns are similar genome-wide in relatively homogeneous populations, this assumption may not be appropriate for admixed populations, such as Hispanics and AfricanAmericans, with recent ancestry from two or more continents. Recent studies have suggested that systematic ancestry differences can arise at genomic locations in admixed populations as a result of selection and nonrandom mating. Here, we propose a method, which we refer to as the chromosomal ancestry differences (CAnD) test, for detecting heterogeneity in population structure across the genome. CAnD can incorporate either local or chromosome-wide ancestry inferred from SNP genotype data to identify chromosomes harboring genomic regions with ancestry contributions that are significantly different than expected. In simulation studies with real genotype data from phase III of the HapMap Project, we demonstrate the validity and power of CAnD. We apply CAnD to the HapMap Mexican-American (MXL) and African-American (ASW) population samples; in this analysis the software RFMix is used to infer local ancestry at genomic regions, assuming admixing from Europeans, West Africans, and Native Americans. The CAnD test provides strong evidence of heterogeneity in population structure across the genome in the MXL sample (p ¼ 1e 2 5), which is largely driven by elevated Native American ancestry and deficit of European ancestry on the X chromosomes. Among the ASW, all chromosomes are largely African derived and no heterogeneity in population structure is detected in this sample.KEYWORDS admixture; population structure; heterogeneity testing; local ancestry; assortative mating T ECHNOLOGICAL advancements in high-throughput genotyping and sequencing technologies have allowed for unprecedented insight into the genetic structure of human populations. Population structure studies have largely focused on populations of European descent, and ancestry differences among European populations have been well studied and characterized (Novembre et al. 2008;Nelis et al. 2009). Recent studies have also investigated the genetic structure of more diverse populations, including recently admixed populations, such as African-Americans (Zakharia et al. 2009;Bryc et al. 2010a) and Hispanics (Manichaikul et al. 2012;Conomos et al. 2016), who have experienced admixing within the past few hundred years from two or more ancestral populations from different continents.Both continental and fine-scale genetic structures of human populations have largely been characterized by aggregating measures of ancestry across the autosomal chromosomes. While it may be reasonable to assume that population structure patterns across the genome are similar for populations with ancestry derived from a single continent, such as populations of European descent, this may not be a reasonable assumption for admixe...

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Combining dependent tests with incomplete repeated measurements

Cited by 205 publications

References 6 publications

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Protection against Mucosal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV _mac251 Challenge by Using Replicating Adenovirus-SIV Multigene Vaccine Priming and Subunit Boosting

Detecting Heterogeneity in Population Structure Across the Genome in Admixed Populations

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Combining dependent tests with incomplete repeated measurements

Cited by 205 publications

References 6 publications

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Human Synovial Mast Cell Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Relationship to Disease Type, Clinical Activity, and Antirheumatic Therapy

Protection against Mucosal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV mac251 Challenge by Using Replicating Adenovirus-SIV Multigene Vaccine Priming and Subunit Boosting

Detecting Heterogeneity in Population Structure Across the Genome in Admixed Populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Protection against Mucosal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV _mac251 Challenge by Using Replicating Adenovirus-SIV Multigene Vaccine Priming and Subunit Boosting