Combining data from the distributed GRUAN site Lauder–Invercargill, New Zealand, to provide a site atmospheric state best estimate of temperature

Tradowsky, Jordis S.; Bodeker, G. E.; Querel, Richard; Builtjes, P. J. H.; Fischer, J.

doi:10.5194/essd-10-2195-2018

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Comparisons with collocated radiosondes (detailed in the following section), Vaisala RS90/92 and GRUAN, showed very good agreement with global annualmean temperature differences of less than 0.2 K. Radiosonde daytime radiation biases were identified at higher altitudes (Ladstädter et al 2015;Ho et al 2017). The stability of RO makes it a useful calibration reference for AMSU (Chen and Zou 2014) and radiosondes (Ho et al 2017;Tradowsky et al 2018).…”

Section: ) Gnss Radio Occultation Observationsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Observed Temperature Changes in the Troposphere and Stratosphere from 1979 to 2018

et al. 2020

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Temperature observations of the upper-air atmosphere are now available for more than 40 years from both ground- and satellite-based observing systems. Recent years have seen substantial improvements in reducing long-standing discrepancies among data sets through major reprocessing efforts. The advent of radio occultation (RO) observations in 2001 has led to further improvements in vertically-resolved temperature measurements, enabling a detailed analysis of upper troposphere/lower stratosphere trends. This paper presents the current state of atmospheric temperature trends from the latest available observational records. We analyze observations from merged operational satellite measurements, radiosondes, lidars, and RO, spanning a vertical range from the lower troposphere to the upper stratosphere. The focus is on assessing climate trends and on identifying the degree of consistency among the observational systems. The results show a robust cooling of the stratosphere of about 1–3 K, and a robust warming of the troposphere of about 0.6–0.8 K over the last four decades (1979–2018). Consistent results are found between the satellite-based layer average temperatures and vertically-resolved radiosonde records. The overall latitude-altitude trend patterns are consistent between RO and radiosonde records. Significant warming of the troposphere is evident in the RO measurements available after 2001, with trends of 0.25–0.35 K per decade. Amplified warming in the tropical upper-troposphere compared to surface trends for 2002–2018 is found based on RO and radiosonde records, in approximate agreement with moist adiabatic lapse rate theory. The consistency of trend results from the latest upper-air data sets will help to improve understanding of climate changes and their drivers.

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Section: ) Gnss Radio Occultation Observationsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Observed Temperature Changes in the Troposphere and Stratosphere from 1979 to 2018

et al. 2020

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“…aeronomie.be/software/QDOAS/, last access: 10 June 2020). Cross sections used in the analysis were NO 2 at 220 and 298 K (Vandaele et al, 1998), O 4 at 298 K (Thalman and Volkamer, 2013), O 3 at 223 and 243 K (Serdyuchenko et al, 2014), HCHO at 297 K (Meller and Moortgat, 2000), BrO at 223 K (Fleischmann et al, 2004), HONO at 298 K (Stutz et al, 2000) and a Ring cross section at 250 K (Grainger and Ring, 1962). All cross sections were pre-convolved with the line shape of the instrument and fifth-order polynomial and second-order offset terms were also included in QDOAS.…”

Section: Max-doas Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Broadmeadows and Lauder have regular co-located meteorological, aerosol, radiation and trace gas measurements; the Lauder site is part of numerous international atmospheric monitoring networks (De Mazière et al, 2018;Pollard et al, 2017;Tradowsky et al, 2018). In addition, formaldehyde vertical columns measured at Lauder using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Vigouroux et al, 2018) are available for comparison with the MAX-DOAS measurements.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of formaldehyde tropospheric columns in Australia and New Zealand using MAX-DOAS, FTIR and TROPOMI

et al. 2020

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Abstract. South-eastern Australia has been identified by modelling studies as a hotspot of biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions; however, long-term observational VOC studies are lacking in this region. Here, 2.5 years of multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) formaldehyde (HCHO) measurements in Australasia are presented, from Broadmeadows, in northern Melbourne, Australia, and from Lauder, a rural site in the South Island of New Zealand. Across the measurement period from December 2016 to November 2019, the mean formaldehyde columns measured by the MAX-DOAS were 2.50±0.61×1015 molec. cm−2 at Lauder and 5.40±1.59×1015 molec. cm−2 at Broadmeadows. In both locations, the seasonal cycle showed a pronounced peak in Austral summer (December–January–February) consistent with temperature-dependent formaldehyde production from biogenic precursor gases. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle was 0.7×1015 molec. cm−2 at Lauder, and it was 2.0×1015 molec. cm−2 at Broadmeadows. The Lauder MAX-DOAS HCHO measurements are compared with 27 months of co-located Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) observations. The seasonal variation of Lauder MAX-DOAS HCHO, smoothed by the FTIR averaging kernels, showed good agreement with the FTIR measurements, with a linear regression slope of 1.03 and an R2 of 0.66 for monthly averaged formaldehyde partial columns (0–4 km). In addition to ground-based observations, a clear way to address the VOC measurement gap in areas such as Australasia is with satellite measurements. Here, we demonstrate that the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) can be used to distinguish formaldehyde hotspots in forested and agricultural regions of south-eastern Australia. The MAX-DOAS measurements are also compared to TROPOMI HCHO vertical columns at Lauder and Melbourne; very strong monthly average agreement is found for Melbourne (regression slope of 0.61 and R2 of 0.95) and a strong agreement is found at Lauder (regression slope of 0.73 and R2 of 0.61) for MAX-DOAS vs. TROPOMI between May 2018 and November 2019. This study, the first long-term satellite comparison study using MAX-DOAS in the Southern Hemisphere, highlights the improvement offered by TROPOMI's high resolution over previous satellite products and provides the groundwork for future studies using ground-based and satellite DOAS for studying VOCs in Australasia.

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“…Several attempts were made to improve the quality of the measurement series by applying methods to remove apparent temperature discontinuities that occurred due to changes in instruments and practice [20,21]. Such methods include intercomparison (i.e., differencing) [22], homogenization (i.e., Pairwise Homogenization Algorithm (PHA)) [23], temperature bias corrections (i.e., dual RS launches) [24], empirical corrections (i.e., fit regressions) [25], and using reference data (GRUAN datasets) [26], statistical (i.e., RHARM homogenization, [27]), and machine learning approaches to detect patterns and anomalies in the data [28]. It is important to note that the list is exhaustive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Appraisal of the Progress in Utilizing Radiosondes and Satellites for Monitoring Upper Air Temperature Profiles

Mashao,

Demoz,

Kifle

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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Upper air temperature measurements are critical for understanding weather patterns, boundary-layer processes, climate change, and the validation of space-based observations. However, there have been growing concerns over data discrepancies, the lack of homogeneity, biases, and discontinuities associated with historical climate data records obtained using these technologies. Consequently, this article reviews the progress of utilizing radiosondes and space-based instruments for obtaining upper air temperature records. A systematic review process was performed and focused on papers published between 2000 and 2023. A total of 74,899 publications were retrieved from the Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using a title/abstract/keyword search query. After rigorous screening processes using relevant keywords and the elimination of duplicates, only 599 papers were considered. The papers were subjected to thematic and bibliometric analysis to comprehensively outline the progress, gaps, challenges, and opportunities related to the utilization of radiosonde and space-based instruments for monitoring upper air temperature. The results show that in situ radiosonde measurements and satellite sensors have improved significantly over the past few decades. Recent advances in the bias, uncertainty, and homogeneity correction algorithms (e.g., machine learning approaches) for enhancing upper air temperature observations present great potential in improving numerical weather forecasting, atmospheric boundary studies, satellite data validation, and climate change research.

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Combining data from the distributed GRUAN site Lauder–Invercargill, New Zealand, to provide a site atmospheric state best estimate of temperature

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Observed Temperature Changes in the Troposphere and Stratosphere from 1979 to 2018

Observed Temperature Changes in the Troposphere and Stratosphere from 1979 to 2018

Comparison of formaldehyde tropospheric columns in Australia and New Zealand using MAX-DOAS, FTIR and TROPOMI

An Appraisal of the Progress in Utilizing Radiosondes and Satellites for Monitoring Upper Air Temperature Profiles

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