Combining Biocontrol Agent With Plant Nutrients for Integrated Control of Tomato Early Blight Through the Modulation of Physio-Chemical Attributes and Key Antioxidants

Awan, Zoia Arshad; Shoaib, Amna; Iftikhar, Muhammad Sarmad; Jan, Basit Latief; Ahmad, Parvaiz

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.807699

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…quality, which greatly promotes research on nutrients in plantsoil systems (Awan et al, 2022). In this study, precise NPK application rates and proportions were key in increasing ginseng growth and development.…”

Section: Insights Into Effects Of Npk Fertilization On Ginseng Growth...mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Scientifically precise NPK fertilization as an advanced technology to improve soil quality and improve agronomic productivity has gradually been seriously considered (Wang et al, 2020 ). The technology not only improves crop yield but also the quality, which greatly promotes research on nutrients in plant–soil systems (Awan et al, 2022 ). In this study, precise NPK application rates and proportions were key in increasing ginseng growth and development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities

et al. 2022

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Soil microorganisms affect crop rhizospheres via the transformation and transport of nutrients, which has important influences on soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and plant yield and health in agroecosystems. There are few reports on the effects of fertilizer application on the growth of Panax ginseng (C. A. Mey.) or the structure of its rhizosphere microbial communities. In this study, an orthogonal experimental design was used to explore the effects of nine different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers with different amounts and proportions on ginseng growth and accumulation of ginsenosides and the structure of rhizosphere soil fungal communities. Soil without fertilization was the control. With the combined application of NPK, ginseng growth and development increased. The fertilization scheme N3P1K3, with N fertilizer at 50 g·m−2, P fertilizer at 15 g·m−2, and K fertilizer at 60 g·m−2, had the most comprehensive benefit and significantly increased ginseng rhizome biomass and ginsenoside contents (Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, Ro, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd). Amplicon sequencing showed that NPK application increased the diversity of fungal communities in ginseng rhizospheres, whereas richness was bidirectionally regulated by proportions and amounts of NPK. Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum in ginseng rhizosphere soil, and relative abundances decreased with combined NPK application. Combined NPK application increased the relative abundance of potential beneficial fungi, such as Mortierella, but decreased that of potentially pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium. Correlation analysis showed that potential beneficial fungi were significantly positively correlated with ginseng rhizome yield and ginsenoside contents, whereas the opposite relation was observed with potential pathogenic fungi. Thus, in addition to directly increasing crop growth, precise NPK application can also increase crop adaptability to the environment by shaping specific microbial communities. The results of this study suggest that the combined effects of biotic and abiotic processes on agricultural production determine crop yield and quality.

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Section: Insights Into Effects Of Npk Fertilization On Ginseng Growth...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities

et al. 2022

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“…tomato. Awan et al (2019 , 2022) explored that soil application with Zn-based fertilizer (ZnSO 4 : 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) can manage up to 70% of early blight disease, hence improving growth, total phenolic content, and photosynthetic pigment in tomato plants by altering the activities of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., CAT, POX, PAL, and PPO) in the plant. The protective role of Zn against ROS has also been linked to reducing the production of membrane-bounded NADPH oxidase ( Shoaib et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated management of charcoal rot disease in susceptible genotypes of mungbean with soil application of micronutrient zinc and green manure (prickly sesban)

et al. 2022

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Charcoal rot disease is incited by the soil-borne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi). Goid is a challenging disease due to long-term persistence of fungus sclerotia in the soil. This study assessed the potential of zinc (Zn: 1.25, 2.44, and 5 mg/kg) and green manure (GM: 1 and 2%) in solitary and bilateral combinations to alleviate infection stress incited by M. phaseolina on disease, growth, physiology, and yield attributes in mungbean. A completely randomized design experiment was conducted in potted soil, artificially inoculated with the pathogen, and sown with surface-sterilized seeds of mungbean genotypes (susceptible: MNUYT-107 and highly susceptible: MNUYT-105). Concealment of plant resistance by M. phaseolina in both genotypes resulted in 53–55% disease incidence and 40–50% plant mortality, which contributed in causing a significant reduction of 30–90% in attributes of growth, biomass, yield, photosynthetic pigment, and total protein content with an imbalance of production of antioxidant enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase). Soil application with Zn-based fertilizer (ZnSO4: 33%) in combination with GM significantly managed up to 80% of the charcoal rot disease, hence improving growth (50–100%) and physiochemical (30–100%) attributes and sustainably enhancing grain average yield (300–600%), biological yield (100–200%), and harvest index (100–200%) in mungbean plants. The heat map and principal component analyses based on 19 measured attributes with 16 treatments separated Zn (2.44 or 5 mg/kg) combined with 2% GM as the best treatments for alleviating charcoal rot disease stress by improving growth, yield, and biological attributes to an extent to profitable farming in terms of harvest index (HI) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR).

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“…All the pots were placed in trays which were filled with distilled water to maintain soil moisture (40-50%). The plants were harvested after 15 days of pathogen/bacterial inoculation (30days old plant) and the reduction in fungal load of A. solani due to different inoculation methods was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) (Awan et al, 2022). DNA of the tomato leaves from the above treatments was isolated 2 weeks after pathogen/bacterial inoculation.…”

Section: Evaluation Of B Subtilis (Bs-01) To Reduce the Pathogen Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the previously reported studies (Shoaib et al, 2019;Awan andAwan et al, 2022), this strain (BS-01) has antifungal potential against early blight pathogen. Thus, further identification and characterization of BS-01 were done in this study.…”

Section: Identification and Characterization Of Bs-01mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal potential of volatiles produced by Bacillus subtilis BS-01 against Alternaria solani in Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2023

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Bacterial biocontrol agent/s (BCAs) against plant diseases are eco-friendly and sustainable options for profitable agricultural crop production. Specific beneficial strains of Bacillus subtilis are effective in controlling many fungal diseases including Alternaria blight caused by a notorious pathogen “Alternaria solani”. In the present study, the biocontrol attributes of a newfangled strain of B. subtilis (BS-01) have been investigated and its bioactive compounds were also identified against A. solani. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by BS-01 in organic solvents viz., n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate were extracted and their antifungal efficacy has evaluated against A. solani. Also, the preventive and curative biocontrol method to reduce the fungal load of A. solani was estimated by both foliar and seed applications on infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants as determined by quantitative PCR assays. Growth chamber bioassay revealed that both foliar and seed application of BS-01 on tomato plants previously or subsequently infected by A. solani significantly reduced the pathogen load on inoculated tomato foliage. Results showed that antifungal bioassays with various concentrations (10-100 mg mL-1) of extracted metabolites produced by BS-01 in ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibition in fungal biomass (extracellular metabolites: 69-98% and intracellular metabolites: 48-85%) followed by n-hexane (extracellular metabolites: 63-88% and intracellular metabolites: 35-62%) and dichloromethane (extracellular metabolites: 41-74% and intracellular metabolites: 42-70%), respectively. The extracted volatile compounds of BS-01 were identified via GC-MS analysis and were found in great proportions in the organic fractions as major potent antifungal constituents including triphenylphosphine oxide; pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl); pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl); n-hexadecanoic acid; n-tridecan-1-ol; octadecane; octadecanoic acid; eicosane and dodecyl acrylate. Separate or mixture of these bioactive VOCs had the potential to mitigate the tomato early blight disease severity in the field that would act as a sustainable plant protection strategy to generate profitable tomato production.

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Combining Biocontrol Agent With Plant Nutrients for Integrated Control of Tomato Early Blight Through the Modulation of Physio-Chemical Attributes and Key Antioxidants

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities

Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities

Integrated management of charcoal rot disease in susceptible genotypes of mungbean with soil application of micronutrient zinc and green manure (prickly sesban)

Antifungal potential of volatiles produced by Bacillus subtilis BS-01 against Alternaria solani in Solanum lycopersicum

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