Combining ability and response to CMS in reverse diploid maize lines developed at VIR

Khatefov, E.B.; SHOMAKHOV, B.R.; Кушхова, Р. С.; Кудаев, Р. А.; KHASHIROVA, Z.T.; Гяургиев, А. Х.

doi:10.30901/2658-6266-2019-4-o2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Гаплоидия широко применяется для ускорения гибридной селекции и получения новых линий кукурузы с улучшенными признаками и их стерильных аналогов (Gutorova et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2022). Гаплоиндукторные линии кукурузы и их тетраплоидные аналоги используются в селекции редиплоидных линий кукурузы методом ресинтеза из тетраплоидных форм (Khatefov, Shatskaya, 2007;Khatefov et al, 2019;. Фирма Syngenta в 2019 году синтезировала гаплоиндукторную линию кукурузы, несущую в спермиях пыльцевого зерна конструкцию CRISPR/Cas, которая способна к одновременному стимулированию гаплоидии и редактированию генома на заданном участке ДНК (Kelliher et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: кукуруза Zea Maysunclassified

Possibilities of biotechnological methods in breeding of vegetable crops at the VIR Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies

Курина

Artemyeva

2023

Biotehnologiâ i selekciâ rastenij

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Basic and applied scientific research in plant cell technologies contribute to the successful development of agricultural plant breeding, which allows the creation of new forms of plants 2-4 times faster than by traditional breeding methods. To obtain inbred lines of most vegetable crops, about 5-7 cycles of self-pollination are required. As a result, the creation of a new cultivar/hybrid takes more than 10-12 years on an average. To successfully create a variety or hybrid, it is necessary to select parental pairs in the form of inbred lines. The VIR collection of vegetables and cucurbit crops includes 52,889 accessions, representatives of 29 families, 145 genera, and 610 species. The use of biotechnological methods is an important direction for accelerating the breeding of vegetable crops. Due to the relevance of introducing cell technologies into the breeding programs of the VIR Department of Genetic Resources of Vegetable and Cucurbit Crops, a Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies was set up in 2022. The goal of the research to be performed at the new laboratory is to accelerate the creation of source material, cultivars and hybrids by combining traditional breeding methods and cell technologies. The objects of the study include cultivated forms and wild relatives of cabbage Brassica oleracea L., turnip Brassica rapa L., lettuce Lactuca L., tomato Lycopersicon Mill and vegetable sweet corn Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt. In the present review, we consider the main results of breeding cabbage, tomato, and lettuce which have been obtained through applying cell technologies. Despite the progress obtained, there are still several problems in this area. The lack of standardized, efficient and reproducible protocols for in vitro methods often hinders their practical use. The tasks facing the laboratory in creating the initial breeding material and new cultivars and hybrids with the use of both conventional methods and cell technologies are relevant and correspond to the world level.

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Section: кукуруза Zea Maysunclassified

Possibilities of biotechnological methods in breeding of vegetable crops at the VIR Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies

Курина

Artemyeva

2023

Biotehnologiâ i selekciâ rastenij

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“…Поэтому вероятность получения кроссоверных хромосом с разнообразными сочетаниями аллелей селекционно-важных генов у тетраплоидных гибридов выше, чем у диплоидных аналогов. Результаты изучения полученных редиплоидных линий кукурузы подтвердили их хозяйственную ценность и полезность для гибридной селекции (Khatefov et al, 2019). В дальнейшем при изучении селекционной ценности 26 редиплоидных линий, выделенных из тетраплоидной популяции и скрещенных с 17 стерильными тестерами С-и М-типов ЦМС, были выявлены 34 гибридные комбинации с урожайностью на уровне или выше стандартных гибридов.…”

Section: Fig 4 Triploid (A) Diploid (B) and Heteroploid (C) Maize Ker...unclassified

“…Из них 24 гибрида были отнесены к раннеспелой, шесть гибридов к среднеспелой и четыре к позднеспелой группе спелости по FAO (URL: https:// www.fao.org). Из 26 редиплоидных линий удалось выделить гибридную комбинацию (Rf 7c × КБ 595-10-5) × 6199-2, показавшую урожайность зерна 13,58 т/га, что выше стандарта на три значения НСР 05 = 0,52 т/га (Khatefov et al, 2019).…”

Section: Fig 4 Triploid (A) Diploid (B) and Heteroploid (C) Maize Ker...unclassified

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Creation of doubled haploid lines of maize <i>Zea mays</i> L. by resynthesis from a tetraploid population

Ulyanov,

Kutsev,

Vasipov

et al. 2023

Biotehnologiâ i selekciâ rastenij

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The search for new, effective methods for broadening the genetic polymorphism of the original breeding material remains one of important problems of hybrid maize breeding. Globally, breeding of commercial maize varieties and hybrids is carried out using diploid genotypes, whereas tetraploid sources of initial material and wild relatives of maize are poorly involved in the breeding process. The direct heteroploid crosses between diploid and tetraploid genotypes lead to the formation of weakly fertile or completely sterile triploid hybrids, which are cytologically unstable in subsequent generations. Tetraploid maize (2n=40), as well as some wild relatives with tetraploid genome, such as Zea perennis Hitchk. (2n=40) and Tripsacum dactiloides (L.) L. (2n=72), are attractive to breeders as sources for improving economically valuable traits. The attractiveness of resynthesized diploid lines is explained by the fact that unequal crossing over between homologous chromosomes forming polyvalent associations of chromosomes, more chromosomal rearrangements occur in tetraploids than in diploid genotypes, the chromosomes of which form bivalents. Synthetic tetraploid populations of maize and its tetraploid wild relatives have great potential of variability for improving diploid maize. The authors proposed a direct method for the resynthesis of doubled haploid lines using haploid induction and an indirect method for obtaining diploid lines by heteroploid crossing and subsequent segregation of a triploid hybrid in the progeny. The method of resynthesizing the tetraploid maize genome to diploid serves as an ideal model for studying the processes of crossing over in meiosis between multivalent associations of homologous chromosomes; it is promising for obtaining diploid lines with an increased frequency of recombination between the homologous chromosomes of different genomes, combined into a common one, and can serve as a source for obtaining aneuploid series.

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The use of maize haploidy inducers as a tool in agricultural plant biotechnology

2022

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The discovery of the ability of some mutations to stimulate haploidy during hybridization made it possible to create one of the most promising and sought-after trends in the f ield of reproductive biology. Haploid inducers created on their basis are capable of increasing the frequency of haploidy up to 15 %. The improvement of the existing haploid inducer lines and the search for new genes that contribute to a high frequency of haploidy are underway. Along with these studies, the f ield of application of haploid inducers in genetics and plant breeding is expanding. Haploid inducers carrying R1-nj genes for anthocyanin pigmentation of the seed and embryo are able not only to mark the hybrid embryo and identify haploid genotypes, but also to detect genes that suppress the anthocyanin color of the grain, like C1-I, C2-Idf, and In1-D. Depending on their quantity, the phenotypic manifestation of the gene in the seed varies. Haploidy is widely used for accelerating hybrid breeding and obtaining both new maize lines with improved traits and their sterile counterparts. By introducing certain genes into the genome of the improved line, breeders can use the doubled haploid (DH) breeding technology to accelerate the creation of pure lines carrying the desired gene. Haploid inducer maize lines and their tetraploid analogs are used in the selection of rediploid maize lines by their resynthesis from tetraploid genotypes. In 2019, Syngenta Company synthesized a haploid inducer maize line carrying a CRISPR/cas construct capable of simultaneously stimulating haploidy and editing the genome at a specif ied DNA site. Thanks to this technology, it became possible to improve haploid inducers by introducing various CRISPR/cas constructs into the haploid inducer genome for editing any DNA site. Maize haploid inducers are widely used in doubled haploid wheat breeding. The f irst experiments showed that the most effective haploid inducer for stimulating haploidy in wheat is maize pollen. Researchers are intensively searching for other ways of using maize haploid inducers in plant breeding.

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Combining ability and response to CMS in reverse diploid maize lines developed at VIR

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Possibilities of biotechnological methods in breeding of vegetable crops at the VIR Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies

Possibilities of biotechnological methods in breeding of vegetable crops at the VIR Laboratory of Breeding and Cell Technologies

Creation of doubled haploid lines of maize <i>Zea mays</i> L. by resynthesis from a tetraploid population

The use of maize haploidy inducers as a tool in agricultural plant biotechnology

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