Combining ability and heterosis of sorghum germplasm for stem sugar traits under off-season conditions in tropical lowland environments

Makanda, Itai; Tongoona, Pangirayi; Derera, John

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2009.08.009

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Recent studies have shown the value of using hybrid sweet sorghum for biofuel production. Makanda et al (2009) studied combining ability in 64 hybrids of sweet sorghum under off-season (winter) conditions in the tropical lowlands of Mozambique and South Africa. Two male lines, ZLR1 and ICSVP3046, showed significant and positive general combining ability (GCA) effects for juice dissolved solids (Brix), while 13 crosses showed positive and significant specific combining ability (SCA) effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

et al. 2015

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Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a sugar‐based biofuel crop that is well‐suited to tropical environments. Most sweet sorghum cultivars are open‐pollinated, but hybrids could offer yield and seed production advantages. Fifteen hybrids were generated among five female and three male parents. The hybrids, parents, and three inbred checks were evaluated for sugar yield and related traits under two environments in Thailand in 2013: Field Crop Research Station at Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, and National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Nakhon Ratchasima. Theoretical sugar yield was positively correlated with juice dissolved solids (Brix), plant height, stalk diameter, biomass yield, stripped stalk yield, and theoretical juice yield. Grain yield was negatively correlated with juice dissolved solids and theoretical sugar yield. Positive heterosis for juice dissolved solids was not observed, though five hybrids had negative mid‐parent heterosis for this trait. Positive heterosis for biomass yield, theoretical juice yield, and grain yield was observed in some hybrids. General combining ability was observed for most traits, but specific combining ability (SCA) effects were of greater importance. Overall, the hybrids KKA‐11 × BJ248, KKA‐11 × KKU40, KKA‐139 × BJ248, KKA‐14 × KKU40, and KKA‐53 × Theis had the greatest SCA for theoretical sugar yield. In producing ethanol from both sugar and grain fractions, two of the hybrids in this study (KKA‐11 × BJ248 and KKA‐139 × BJ248) could produce approximately 4600 L ha−1 ethanol in Thailand.

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Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

et al. 2015

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“…These characteristics of the crop make sweet sorghum the most versatile feedstock source. Previous studies on this crop have shown significant genetic variability for key plant characteristics, including juice yield, sugar content, and biomass production (Almodares et al, 1994;Almodares and Sepahi, 1996;Makanda et al, 2009). Similar variation has been reported for a range of morphological and agronomic traits, which indicates the prospect for improvement of the crop as a biofuel feedstock source (Reddy et al, 2005;Rooney et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 52%

“…Sweet sorghums in much of the tropics are cultivated as a multipurpose crop, where grains from the heads, sugar from the stalks, and forage from the green foliage are harvested simultaneously (Reddy et al, 2008;Hunter and Anderson, 1997). Previous studies on this crop have shown significant genetic variability for key plant characteristics, including juice yield, sugar content, and biomass production (Almodares et al, 1994;Almodares and Sepahi, 1996;Makanda et al, 2009). These characteristics of the crop make sweet sorghum the most versatile feedstock source.…”

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Analysis of Juice Yield, Sugar Content, and Biomass Accumulation in Sorghum

Godoy

Tesso

2013

Crop Science

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Because of its high potential for biomass production, adaptation to marginal conditions, and sugar‐rich stalks, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has been recognized as a prospective source as biofuel feedstock. Tapping into this potential, however, requires development of distinct varieties and hybrids with enhanced value as feedstock source. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the inheritance of key plant traits associated with biofuel production and (2) to identify new genetic sources that can be used in breeding programs to improve these traits. Six high‐biomass and/or sweet sorghum pollinator genotypes and three grain sorghum seed parents were intercrossed using the Design II mating scheme. The hybrids and their parents were evaluated in three environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on plant height, days to flowering and maturity, biomass, juice yield, Brix, and lodging. General combining ability (GCA) for male parents was highly significant for all traits, and the top pollinators had 85, 34, and 47% higher juice yield, Brix, and biomass, respectively, compared with the overall mean of the hybrids. Specific combining ability effects were also significant but much lower than the variation revealed by GCA among males. Two of the males (PI257602 and PI185672) had the top scores for all traits considered and, hence, are excellent resources for breeding sorghum as biofuel feedstock.

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“…Macia (SDS 3220, PI 565121) is a grain sorghum developed by the Botswana National Agricultural Research System (Saadan et al 2000). Macia is 1.4-1.6 m tall, with 7.3% stalk sugar content, grain yield about 3.3 Mg ha -1 , and biomass yield about 10.1 Mg ha -1 (Makanda et al 2009;Setimela et al 1997). Wray is a sweet sorghum developed by U.S. sugar-breeding programs (Broadhead et al 1978;Hills et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotyping by sequencing for identification and mapping of QTLs for bioenergy-related traits in sweet sorghum

Teingtham

2020

Preprint

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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a promising bioenergy crop. To increase the productivity of this crop, marker-assisted breeding will be important to advance genetic improvement of sweet sorghum. The objective of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with bioenergy-related traits in sweet sorghum. We used 188 F 7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between sweet sorghum (Wray) and grain sorghum (Macia). The RILs and their parental lines were grown at two locations in 2012 and 2013.Genotyping-by-sequencing analysis of the RILs allowed the construction of a map with 979 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Using the inclusive composite interval mapping of additive QTLs, major QTLs for flowering time and head moisture content were detected on chromosome 6, and explained 29.45% and 20.65% of the phenotypic variances (PVE), respectively. Major QTLs for plant height (29.51% PVE) and total biomass yield (16.46% PVE) were detected on chromosome 7, and QTLs for stem diameter (9.43% PVE) and 100 seed weight (22.97% PVE) were detected on chromosome 1. A major QTL for brix (39.92% PVE) and grain yield (49.14%) PVE co-localized on chromosome 3, was detected consistently across four environments, and is closely associated with a SWEET sugar transporter gene. Additionally, several other QTLs for brix identified in this study or reported previously were found to be associated with sugar transporter genes. The identified QTLs in this study will help to further understand the underlying genes associated with bioenergy-related traits and could be used for development of molecular markers for marker-assisted selection.

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Combining ability and heterosis of sorghum germplasm for stem sugar traits under off-season conditions in tropical lowland environments

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

Analysis of Juice Yield, Sugar Content, and Biomass Accumulation in Sorghum

Genotyping by sequencing for identification and mapping of QTLs for bioenergy-related traits in sweet sorghum

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Combining ability and heterosis of sorghum germplasm for stem sugar traits under off-season conditions in tropical lowland environments

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F1 Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F1 Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

Analysis of Juice Yield, Sugar Content, and Biomass Accumulation in Sorghum

Genotyping by sequencing for identification and mapping of QTLs for bioenergy-related traits in sweet sorghum

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Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand

Heterosis and Combining Ability of F₁ Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand