Combining abilities of growth traits among pure and crossbred meat type chickens

Abstract

SUMMARYFive thousand one hundred and nineteen chicks were obtained from a diallel combination of four breeds of chickens; (Anak Titan (A), Alpha (B), Giriraja (G) and Normal indigenous (N) chickens) in a broiler improvement program. The chicks were reared to 12 weeks in which data on weekly body weight (BW), breast girth (BG) and tibia length (TL) were recorded. Sire and dam genotype significantly (p<0.05) affected all traits. Anak Titan cocks and hens performed best in body weight (BW) with values ranging from 38.45 ± 0.74 g and 40.21 ± 0.66 g at day old to 1135.93 ± 35.67 g and 953.38 ± 35.38 g at week 12 respectively. Normal and Alpha improved indigenous performed better in linear body parameters. Results of diallel analysis to test for general and specific combining abilities of breeds on traits showed that additive genetic effects were important in determining BW and dominance effects were important for BG, while both effects were important in determining TL. This indicates that selection, crossbreeding and combination of both are tools needed to improve BW, BG and TL, respectively. Anak Titan had the best general combining ability (GCA) of 19.49 ± 0.42, 288.54 ± 7.52, 458.78 ± 12.15 and 769.30 ± 4.80 for BW at weeks 1, 4, 8 and 12, respectively and therefore recommended as a good breed for BW in the improvement program. GB crosses had the best SCA for BG and TL of 7. 43 ± 0.11, 8.21 ± 0.16, 11.82 ± 0.22, 5.90 ± 0.29; 8.50 ± 0.10, 9.68 ± 0.10, 7.92 ± 0.34, 0.86 ± 0.30 at weeks 1, 4, 8 and 12 respectively. It is recommended that an improvement process that involves all the breeds should be adapted using reciprocal recurrent selection or modifications of it. RESUMENCinco mil ciento diecinueve pollos fueron obtenidos, en un programa de mejora de pollos de engorde, a partir de una combinación dialélica de cuatro razas: Anak Titan (A), Alpha (B), Giriraja (G) y Normal indígena (N). Los pollos fueron criados a 12 semanas en las que se registraron los datos sobre peso corporal por semana (BW), circunferencia del pecho (BG) y longitud de la tibia (TL). El genotipo de machos y hembras afectó significativamente (p<0,05) a todos los caracteres. Los gallos y las gallinas Anak Titan mostraron el mejor comportamiento en peso corporal (BW) con valores que van desde 38,45 ± 0,74 g a 40,21 ± 0,66 g al día de edad hasta 1135,93 ± 35,67 g y 953,38 ± 35,38 g en la semana 12, respectivamente. Las razas indígenas mejoradas Normal y Alpha obtuvieron mejores resultados en los parámetros lineales del cuerpo. Los resultados del análisis dialélico para probar las capacidad general y específica de combinación de las razas en los caracteres, mostraron que los efectos genéticos aditivos fueron importantes en la determinación BW y los efectos de dominancia fueron importantes para BG, mientras que ambos efectos son importantes en la determinación de TL. Esto indica que la selección, el mestizaje y la combinación de de 19,49 ± 0,42; 7,52 ± 288,54; 458,78 ± 12,15 y 769,30 ± 4,80 para BW en las semanas 1, 4, 8 y 12, respectivamente, por l...

Comparative study of growth performance, meat quality and haematological parameters of Fayoumi, Rhode Island Red and their reciprocal crossbred chickens

“…Crossbreeding of the indigenous stock with exotic commercial birds will take advantage of artificial selection for productivity in the exotic birds and natural selection for hardiness in the indigenous birds. A crossbreeding could lead to production of birds that will be better in growth rate, efficiency of feed conversion and reproductive traits without sacrificing adaptation to the local environment, thereby resulting in reduced cost of production (Adebambo et al, 2011). The outcome of crossbreeding is due to the phenomenon of heterosis, which is expressed in the performance of the hybrids.…”

“…Genetic progress can be attained either by selection or crossbreeding (Adebambo et al, 2011). Crossbreeding of the indigenous stock with exotic commercial birds will take advantage of artificial selection for productivity in the exotic birds and natural selection for hardiness in the indigenous birds.…”

Diallel Analysis for Bodyweight Involving Three Genotypes of Nigerian Indigenous Chickens

“…Crossbreeding could lead to the production of birds that would be better in growth rate and efficiency of feed conversion without sacrificing adaptation to the indigenous environment, thereby resulting in reduced cost of production (Adebambo et al, 2011). The outcome of crossbreeding is owing to the phenomenon of heterosis, which is expressed in the performance of hybrids.…”

“…Genetic progress can be attained by selection and crossbreeding (Adebambo et al, 2011). Crossbreeding could lead to the production of birds that would be better in growth rate and efficiency of feed conversion without sacrificing adaptation to the indigenous environment, thereby resulting in reduced cost of production (Adebambo et al, 2011).…”

Estimation of Combining Ability of Production Traits from Diallel Crosses of Korean Native Chicken Strains

“…지금까지 대표적인 닭의 결합능력 추정에 대한 연구로서 난용종의 계통 간 교배를 이용한 생산능력에 대한 결합능력이나 White Leghorn(WL) 과 Rhode Island Red(RIR)간의 교배와 같이 품종 간 교잡자 손의 산란능력에 대한 결합능력이 보고된 바 있다 (Hill and Nordskog, 1958;Goto and Nordskog, 1959;Wearden et al, 1965Wearden et al, , 1967Ohh et al, 1980Ohh et al, , 1986. 또한 육용계통과 겸용계 통 간의 교배조합이나 국내 토종닭의 계통 간 교배 및 외래 품종 간의 교배조합을 이용한 산육성을 중심으로 한 생산능 력에 대한 결합능력도 보고되었다 (Cheong et al, 1985;Choi, 2002;Mohammed et al, 2005;Saadey et al, 2008;Adebambo et al, 2010Adebambo et al, , 2011Razuki and Al-Shaheen, 2011;Musa et al, 2015). 결합능력 추정 결과들에서 유전력이 높은 체중과 같 은 체 형질의 경우는 상가적 유전효과인 일반결합능력이 주 된 요인으로 작용한 반면, 산란능력과 같은 유전력이 낮은 형질에서는 비상가적 유전효과인 특정결합능력이 상대적으 로 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고하였다.…”