Combining a Fatigue Model and an Incremental Capacity Analysis on a Commercial NMC/Graphite Cell under Constant Current Cycling with and without Calendar Aging

Abstract

Reliable development of LIBs requires that they be correlated with accurate aging studies. The present project focuses on the implementation of a weighted ampere-hour throughput model, taking into account the operating parameters, and modulating the impact of an exchanged ampere-hour by the well-established three major stress factors: temperature, current intensity (rated), and state of charge (SoC). This model can drift with time due to repeated solicitation, so its parameters need to be updated by on-field measurements, in order to remain accurate. These on-field measurements are submitted to the so-called Incremental Capacity Analysis method (ICA), consisting in the analysis of dQ/dV as a function of V. It is a direct indicator of the state of health of the cell, as the experimental peaks are related to the active material chemical/structural evolution, such as phase transitions and recorded potential plateaus during charging/discharging. It is here applied to NMC/graphite based commercial cells. These peaks’ evolution can be correlated with the here-defined Ah-kinetic and t-kinetic aging, which are chemistry-dependent, and therefore, has to be adjusted to the different types of cells.

A Fast Online State of Health Estimation Method for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Incremental Capacity Analysis

“…For traditional ICA methods, IC peaks are the primary premise to estimate the aging state of battery. However, there are only a limited number of peaks that can be used to estimate SoH [16][17][18][19], that is, the sample range available for SoH estimation is too narrow, and there is no guarantee that the voltage corresponding to the IC peak will be passed in each charging process. Moreover, since IC peaks are the extreme values of the incremental capacity (dQ) during the entire battery charging process, the time to calculate dQ is also the longest, accordingly.…”

Methodologies for Large-Size Pouch Lithium-Ion Batteries End-of-Life Gateway Detection in the Second-Life Application

“…These valleys ( Figure. In Figures 3-5, LLI and LAMs are occurring concomitantly in addition to conductivity loss (CL) since the investigation is beyond EV life and it is not straightforward to decouple these phenomena. 36,42,43 The valley around 3.6 V is mainly influenced by the negative electrode and indicates the limiting electrode at the end of discharge, whereas the valley at 3.8V…”

Batteries and Supercapacitors Aging

“…Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: In response to this call of papers, 12 research papers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and one review article [13] from seven different countries have been published. Researchers from academic institutions from France [1,[3][4][5][6][7]9], Germany [2,9,10,12,13], United States [8,11], Russia [4], Spain [9], Belgium [9] and Ethiopia [13] participated, sometimes in collaboration with industrial partners of energy or automotive sectors.…”

“…The dominant energy storage technology treated in this special issue is without a doubt lithium-ion batteries [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]13]. However, other technologies are of interest as for example supercapacitors [2] or NiCd batteries [12] and the emerging technology of Lithium-ion capacitors [3,11].…”

“…Experiments are a very important part of ESS aging studies and most of the papers in this Special Issue included experimental results [2,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among the different experimental techniques used to measure and detect aging mechanisms taking place in ESS, special attention can be given to Impedance Spectroscopy [2,10,12] and Incremental Capacity [6][7][8] techniques.…”