“…Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), with its controllable microstructure arrangement, regulates the motion of photons, providing multifunctionality and stable performance in sensing applications, applicable to the detection of gases, liquids, and other media [25,26]. Optical tweezers capture microparticles by adjusting laser power, featuring advantages such as low cost and high efficiency, and are widely used in particle manipulation and levitation on a microscopic scale [27,28]. The Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) achieves high sensitivity sensing by measuring relative phase changes, suitable for measuring optical path differences [29,30].…”