Combined Pretreatment as an Effective Technology in Breaking of Phenolic Polymer Lignin from Sustainable Biomass: <em>Bambusa balcooa</em>

Abstract

Bamboo biomass is a potential source for the production of monomeric sugars containing high cellulose content with low amount of lignin. However, for efficient hydrolysis, the biomass treatment by effective pretreatment technique is required to minimize lignin content and other barrier components. During present study, the bamboo biomass was treated with different physical, chemical, biological and combined treatments to reduce the lignin content. Among all the pretreatments, the maximum lignin removal (14.5%) was obtained with the combined chemical and biological treatment under 2% NaOH+1% H2O2 +WDP2 fungal culture (5 plugs) conditions. In addition, lignolytic fungus and NaOH pretreatment was mainly effective in removing lignin, whereas the H2O2 pretreatment efficiently minimize cellulose crystallinity. To analyze structural changes of raw and treated biomass, we used scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The structural analysis indicated that all treatments causes disruption in the biomass structure and loses the compactness of the biomass which facilitates the biomass conversion during hydrolysis process. The findings of the present study indicate effective pretreatment methods in breaching the recalcitrancy of the potential lignocellulosic biomass for maximum hydrolysis.

Microbial Pre-treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production: A Review

“…The result showed the cellulose content increased to 76.6% and 64.8% with lignin content decreasing to 14.5% and 20.5% respectively. The combined effect showed a decrease in recalcitrant material i.e., Lignin content along with the higher release of cellulosic fibers (Praveen et al, 2021).…”

“…The combined pre-treatment of alkali (NaOH) with Lenzites elegans whole cell culture increases the cellulosic content to 70.2% with a decreased lignin content of 20.1%. Similarly, the combined enzymatic pre-treatment of laccase enzyme and NaOH resulted in a virtue effect in declassifying cellulose content of 74.8% (Praveen et al, 2021). Similarly, under mild alkaline environment (1.5% NaOH, 30-75°C for 15-20 min) pre-treatment of cornstalks with fungi Irpex lacteus might modify the lignin structure and enhance lignin biodegradation and xylan elimination (Yu et al, 2010).…”