Combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Gavelin, Hanna Malmberg; Dong, Christopher; Minkov, Ruth; Bahar‐Fuchs, Alex; Ellis, Kathryn A.; Lautenschlager, Nicola T.; Mellow, Maddison L.; Wade, Alexandra T.; Smith, Ashleigh E.; Finke, Carsten; Krohn, Stephan; Lampit, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101232

Cited by 154 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…(Pesce, 2012;Ling, 2016, 2019)]. In addition, physical-cognitive training (Fissler et al, 2013;Bamidis et al, 2015) and motor-cognitive training (Gallou-Guyot et al, 2020;Gavelin et al, 2020) were found to be more effective than separate training to improve cognitive functions [but see (Zhu et al, 2016)], for a different conclusion]. In view of these findings, exergames are expected to be more effective than conventional training (i.e., interventions supervised by a coach and not assisted by technologies) to improve behavior and cognition in older adults (Stanmore et al, 2017;Martin-Niedecken and Mekler, 2018).…”

Section: Exercise and Cognition: From Separate To Combined Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reasons may explain these inconsistencies. The first reason lies on the low methodological quality and the great heterogeneity of the available studies, which is reported by most reviews and meta-analyses reported (Stojan and Voelcker-Rehage, 2019;Gallou-Guyot et al, 2020;Gavelin et al, 2020). A second reason is that most studies were carried out with off-the-shelf products, which (i) lacked proper theoretical founding concepts, (ii) disregarded basic learning and training principles provided by Movement and Sport Sciences (Caserman et al, 2020) and, (iii) were neither suited for research purposes nor adapted to the specific psychological, physical, and cognitive characteristics of older adults [e.g.…”

Section: Are Exergames Effective For Enhancing Brain Plasticity and Cognition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to cognitive content of commercial exergames, several authors considered that they allow delivering motor-cognitive dualtask training (MCDT) [e.g. (Wollesen and Voelcker-Rehage, 2014;Monteiro-Junior et al, 2016;Anders et al, 2018;Gallou-Guyot et al, 2020;Gavelin et al, 2020;Wollesen et al, 2020)] since additional challenges, in the form of extra tasks, such as counting, matching objects, or avoiding obstacles, are often used to add cognitive training to the physical exercise (Anders et al, 2018). These elements create dual task situations [i.e., Thinking while moving situations, (Herold et al, 2018)], in which the player needs to focus on two or more things simultaneously.…”

Section: Are Exergames Effective For Enhancing Brain Plasticity and Cognition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Exergames Be Improved to Better Enhance Behavioral Adaptability in Older Adults? An Ecological Dynamics Perspective

Temprado

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Finding effective training solutions to attenuate the alterations of behavior and cognition in the growing number of older adults is an important challenge for Science and Society. By offering 3D computer-simulated environments to combine perceptual-motor and cognitive exercise, exergames are promising in this respect. However, a careful analysis of meta-analytic reviews suggests that they failed to be more effective than conventional motor-cognitive training. We analyzed the reasons for this situation, and we proposed new directions to design new, conceptually grounded, exergames. Consistent with the evolutionary neuroscience approach, we contend that new solutions should better combine high level of metabolic activity with (neuro)muscular, physical, perceptual-motor, and cognitive stimulations. According to the Ecological Dynamics rationale, we assume that new exergames should act at the agent–environment scale to allow individuals to explore, discover, and adapt to immersive and informationally rich environments that should include cognitively challenging tasks, while being representative of daily living situations.

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Section: Exercise and Cognition: From Separate To Combined Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Are Exergames Effective For Enhancing Brain Plasticity and Cognition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Are Exergames Effective For Enhancing Brain Plasticity and Cognition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can Exergames Be Improved to Better Enhance Behavioral Adaptability in Older Adults? An Ecological Dynamics Perspective

Temprado

2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…For example, externally-paced exercise has been associated with superior vigilance capacity compared to self-paced exercise and sedentary lifestyle (Sanabria et al, 2019;Ludyga et al, 2020), presumably as the former poses high cognitive demands with constantly varying exercise environments (Pesce et al, 2021). Moreover, recent evidence suggests that individuals, especially elderly people, experience higher cognitive gains from cognitively engaging physical interventions (i.e., simultaneously physical and cognitive training) than from physical activity alone (Gavelin et al, 2021). Indeed, the large-scale reallocation of cognitive resources during the skill acquisition inherent to the practice of any physical activity (i.e., skill training) has been pointed as a key aspect for getting the potential cognitive benefits of physical activity (Tomporowski & Pesce, 2019).…”

Section: Identification Of Moderator Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let’s go beyond “the effect of”: Reappraising the impact of ordinary activities on cognition

Román-Caballero¹,

Sanabria²,

Ciria³

2021

Preprint

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The demands of today’s society for interventions that optimize cognitive abilities and prevent their decline have motivated the translation of scientific findings into applied programs. Ordinary activities such as physical exercise and playing a musical instrument have witnessed the growth of evidence emphasizing their benefits on cognition and the brain. Here we propose several issues that need consideration before speculating on the implications of a positive result of an individual study and implementing intervention programs at the population level: (a) the magnitude and costs of the effect, (b) the robustness of the effect, (c) the identification of moderator variables, and (d) the underlying mechanisms. Only after these issues have been considered should positive results determine the messages in media reports and the applicability of the effect. Although it is respectively the responsibility of journalists and companies to translate scientific knowledge into accurate media documents and effective interventions, researchers also have an important role in communicating science in a more transparent and nuanced way. We urge the authors to contextualize the benefits observed with an activity along with its costs, distinguish between data-driven conclusions and speculations, and incorporate more pieces of information than just p values.

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“…CI refers to a series of pathological phenomena caused by abnormal brain functions related to learning, memory and thinking judgment 6 . It has significant physical, psychological, social and economic consequences for patients, caregivers and health care systems, and with the aging of the population, the burden of disease has increased exponentially 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation of blood pressure variability and cognitive function in hypertension patients: a meta-analysis

Jin

Zhao

2021

Preprint

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Background: Cognitive impairment is very common in patients with hypertension, it’s necessary to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of cognitive function and blood pressure variability in patients with hypertension, to provide insights into the clinical management of hypertension and cognitive impairment. Methods: We searched PubMed et al databases for the case-control studies on the association between blood pressure variability and cognitive function up to July 15, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature and retrieved the data. RevMan 5.3 was used for data meta-analysis Results: A total of 13 studies involving 2754 patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that 24-hour systolic [MD= 3.54, 95% CI (2.48, 4.60)] and diastolic [MD=2.43, 95%CI (1.55, 3.31)] blood pressure variation coefficient in the CI group were significantly higher than that of no CI group (all P<0.05). Standard deviation of systolic [MD=2.20, 95% CI (0.27, 4.13)] and diastolic [MD=1.79, 95% CI (0.80, 2.79)] blood pressure variation in the CI group were significantly higher than that of no CI group (all P<0.05). Mean systolic [MD=3.73, 95% CI (0.92, 6.53)]and diastolic [MD = 5.41, 95% CI (0.42, 10.40)] blood pressure variation in the CI group were significantly higher than that of no CI group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the morning peak systolic [MD=7.85,95% CI (-1.30,17.01)] and diastolic [MD=4.44,95% CI (-6.00, 14.89)] blood pressure drop between the CI group and no CI group(all P>0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients is closely associated with increased blood pressure variability, and clinical medical staff should pay attention to the management of blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients to reduce the development of cognitive impairments.

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Combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 154 publications

References 90 publications

Can Exergames Be Improved to Better Enhance Behavioral Adaptability in Older Adults? An Ecological Dynamics Perspective

Can Exergames Be Improved to Better Enhance Behavioral Adaptability in Older Adults? An Ecological Dynamics Perspective

Let’s go beyond “the effect of”: Reappraising the impact of ordinary activities on cognition

The correlation of blood pressure variability and cognitive function in hypertension patients: a meta-analysis

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