Combined millimeter wave and cyclophosphamide therapy of an experimental murine melanoma

Logani, Mahendra K.; Bhanushali, Ashok; Anga, Altaf; Majmundar, Amar; Szabó, Imre; Ziskin, Marvin C.

doi:10.1002/bem.20026

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Millimeter wave radiation can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with other treatment methods to reduce the side effects and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer treatment (19,20). Though some studies have in most cases qualitative character, recently, quantitative evidence has been reported on the physiologic mechanism of millimeter wave radiation on the human body that could account for many in vivo its biological effects such as anticancer activity in different tumoral cell culture systems (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter wave radiation induces apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells

Ye²,

Cai³

et al. 2011

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The efficacy and safety of millimeter wave radiation has been proven for various types of malignant tumors. However, the mechanisms underlying effects of millimeter wave radiation on apoptosis are still unclear. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of millimeter wave radiation on cell apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential, and to determine the molecular mechanism of millimeter wave radiation-induced apoptosis by investigating the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins (Bcl-2, Bax), caspase-9 and caspase-3 in SW1353 cells. We found that millimeter wave radiation suppressed the viability of SW1353 cells, demonstrating that millimeter wave radiation induced cell apoptosis and reduced cell viability in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we observed that treatment of cells with millimeter wave radiation significantly induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulated proapoptotic Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3, but did not significantly change levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. These data suggested that millimeter wave radiation may induce apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in SW1353 cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter wave radiation induces apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells

Ye²,

Cai³

et al. 2011

Oncol Rep

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“…The spatial average incident power density (18.5 mW/cm 2 ) was determined by measuring the total power output from the YAV-1 and dividing by the area of the output plane of the horn. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and distribution of absorbed energy was determined thermographically using an infrared camera (model AE-4256, Amber Engineering, Goleta, CA, USA), as described in earlier articles [Logani et al, 1999[Logani et al, , 2002[Logani et al, , 2004Alekseev and Ziskin, 2003]. Briefly, the SAR was calculated from the initial rise of temperature as measured thermographically on the surface of the murine nose.…”

Section: Millimeter Wave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of millimeter wave irradiation on tumor metastasis

Logani

Szabó

Makar

et al. 2006

Bioelectromagnetics

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One of the major side effects of chemotherapy in cancer treatment is that it can enhance tumor metastasis due to suppression of natural killer (NK) cell activity. The present study was undertaken to examine whether millimeter electromagnetic waves (MMWs) irradiation (42.2 GHz) can inhibit tumor metastasis enhanced by cyclophosphamide (CPA), an anticancer drug. MMWs were produced with a Russian-made YAV-1 generator. Peak SAR and incident power density were measured as 730 +/- 100 W/kg and 36.5 +/- 5 mW/cm(2), respectively. Tumor metastasis was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice, an experimental murine model commonly used for metastatic melanoma. The animals were divided into 5 groups, 10 animals per group. The first group was not given any treatment. The second group was irradiated on the nasal area with MMWs for 30 min. The third group served as a sham control for group 2. The fourth group was given CPA (150 mg/kg body weight, ip) before irradiation. The fifth group served as a sham control for group 4. On day 2, all animals were injected, through a tail vein, with B16F10 melanoma cells, a tumor cell line syngeneic to C57BL/6 mice. Tumor colonies in lungs were counted 2 weeks following inoculation. CPA caused a marked enhancement in tumor metastases (fivefold), which was significantly reduced when CPA-treated animals were irradiated with MMWs. Millimeter waves also increased NK cell activity suppressed by CPA, suggesting that a reduction in tumor metastasis by MMWs is mediated through activation of NK cells.

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“…The device produced 61.22 AE 0.2 GHz (mean AE SD) wave radiation, which was introduced into the shielded chamber with a wave guide. The spatial peak Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) at the tip of the nose and spatial peak incident power density were measured as 885 AE 100 W/kg and 31 AE 5 mW/cm 2 (mean AE SD), respectively [Logani et al, 2004]. Duration of the exposure was 30 min.…”

Section: Millimeter Wave Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cyclophosphamide and 61.22 GHz millimeter waves on T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage functions

Makar

Logani

Bhanushali

et al. 2006

Bioelectromagnetics

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The present study was undertaken to investigate whether millimeter waves (MMWs) at 61.22 GHz can modulate the effect of cyclophosphamide (CPA), an anti-cancer drug, on the immune functions of mice. During the exposure each mouse's nose was placed in front of the center of the antenna aperture (1.5 x 1.5 cm) of MMW generator. The device produced 61.22 +/- 0.2 GHz wave radiation. Spatial peak Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) at the skin surface and spatial peak incident power density were measured as 885 +/- 100 W/kg and 31 +/- 5 mW/cm(2), respectively. Duration of the exposure was 30 min each day for 3 consecutive days. The maximum temperature elevation at the tip of the nose, measured at the end of 30 min, was 1 degrees C. CPA injection (100 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally on the second day of exposure to MMWs. The animals were sacrificed 2, 5, and 7 days after CPA administration. MMW exposure caused upregulation in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in peritoneal macrophages suppressed by CPA administration. MMWs also caused a significant increase in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by splenocytes and enhanced proliferative activity of T-cells. Conversely, no changes were observed in interleukin-10 (IL-10) level and B-cell proliferation. These results suggest that MMWs accelerate the recovery process selectively through a T-cell-mediated immune response.

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Combined millimeter wave and cyclophosphamide therapy of an experimental murine melanoma

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Millimeter wave radiation induces apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells

Millimeter wave radiation induces apoptosis via affecting the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells

Effect of millimeter wave irradiation on tumor metastasis

Effect of cyclophosphamide and 61.22 GHz millimeter waves on T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage functions

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