Combined micro-proppant and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) fracturing in shale gas reservoirs: A review

Zhang, C.P.; Liu, S.; Ma, Zhaoyang; Ranjith, P.G.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121431

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…The unique properties of SCCO 2 , such as density (0.2–0.9 g/cm 3 ), viscosity, surface tension, diffusion coefficient, and heat and mass transfer, leads to an engineering advantage in the fracturing process. , SCCO 2 has high diffusion efficiency (5 × 10 –7 m 2 /s), low viscosity (2.04 × 10 –5 Pa·s), nearly zero surface tension, and better permeability than water-based fluids (Table ). Hence, SCCO 2 possesses lower rock breaking pressure, faster rock breaking speed, and more than 50% lower fracture initiation pressure than hydraulic fracturing. − …”

Section: Stimulation Of Shale Gas Reservoir By Scco2 Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, low density proppant has low requirements for proppant carrying capacity of fracturing fluid, and the experimental simulation results preliminarily confirm its feasibility. 24,35 Lowdensity ceramic sands (1.45 g/cm 3 ) have been applied in the field test of continental shale gas reservoir in Well Y2011; 24 however, the effect failed to achieve the expectation, and deposition and sand plugging still occurred frequently. Therefore, the research on low-density proppants that match SCCO 2 fracturing fluid still needs much investment.…”

Section: Stimulation Of Shale Gas Reservoir Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

et al. 2021

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The breakthrough of clean and efficient shale gas stimulation technology and reduction of global carbon emissions is in a critical period. The injection of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ) into shale gas reservoirs, fracturing the reservoir and displacing preadsorbed CH 4 , enhancing gas recovery, and completing CO 2 geological storage, is regarded as an optimum scheme due to its engineering advantages and high adsorption capacity and preference in shale. This investigation systemically summarizes the theoretical understanding and research progress on SCCO 2 fracturing technology and the displacement of CH 4 by CO 2 in shale gas development practice and theoretical simulation in the past decade and proposes the current challenges and prospects. The fracture space distribution characteristics of hydraulic fracturing and SCCO 2 fracturing and the stimulation effectiveness of the shale gas reservoir are compared. The low viscosity, high diffusion coefficient, and zero surface tension of SCCO 2 bring up its distinctive advantages for fracturing engineering. And the recovery of CH 4 is much higher than that from hydraulic fracturing. The adsorption capacity and preference for CO 2 are greater than those for CH 4 , caused by its molecular structure, properties, thermodynamics, and kinetics. Shale gas reservoirs are widely distributed and enormous resources. Several shale gas reservoirs in several basins are deemed to store CO 2 by several to tens of gigatons. However, the wide commercial application of CO 2 has been limited due to (i) the high cost of CO 2 capture and transportation, (ii) low sand carrying capacity, nonuniform distribution, and easy settlement of proppant, (iii) the complex coupling mechanism of CO 2 −CH 4 − H 2 O−shale, and (iv) the environmental threat after CO 2 storage. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a thickener and cosolvent with economical, clean, safe, and environmentally friendly characteristics that is highly compatible with SCCO 2 . High-precision reduction models of the structural characteristics and pore-fracture distribution characteristics of kerogen and mineral components are necessary to simulate competitive adsorption of CO 2 and CH 4 . Additionally, a perfect monitoring system for CO 2 leakage risk should be established near CO 2 storage sites to avoid impact and harm to the atmosphere, groundwater, and surface ecosystems.

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Section: Stimulation Of Shale Gas Reservoir By Scco2 Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stimulation Of Shale Gas Reservoir Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

et al. 2021

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“…Unconventional hydrocarbon resources, such as shale oil and gas, have garnered more attention and are being considered as an alternative energy resource to conventional oil and gas [1,2]. Shale oil and gas reservoirs require additional treatments, i.e., volumetric hydraulic fracturing, to achieve commercial production from tight formations due to their ultra-low permeability and ultra-low porosity [3][4][5]. In the volumetric hydraulic fracturing operation, higher pumping rates result in tremendous flowing frictional drag [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent Drag Reduction with an Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Water-Soluble Polymer in Slick-Water Hydrofracking

et al. 2022

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Water-soluble polymers as drag reducers have been widely utilized in slick-water for fracturing shale oil and gas reservoirs. However, the low viscosity characteristics, high operating costs, and freshwater consumption of conventional friction reducers limit their practical use in deeper oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, a high viscosity water-soluble friction reducer (HVFR), poly-(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid), was synthesized via free radical polymerization in aqueous solution. The molecular weight, solubility, rheological behavior, and drag reduction performance of HVFR were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the viscosity-average molecular weight of HVFR is 23.2 × 106 g⋅mol−1. The HVFR powder could be quickly dissolved in water within 240 s under 700 rpm. The storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) as well as viscosity of the solutions increased with an increase in polymer concentration. At a concentration of 1700 mg⋅L−1, HVFR solution shows 67% viscosity retention rate after heating from 30 to 90 °C, and the viscosity retention rate of HVFR solution when increasing CNaCl to 21,000 mg⋅L−1 is 66%. HVFR exhibits significant drag reduction performance for both low viscosity and high viscosity. A maximum drag reduction of 80.2% is attained from HVFR at 400 mg⋅L−1 with 5.0 mPa⋅s, and drag reduction of HVFR is 75.1% at 1700 mg⋅L−1 with 30.2 mPa⋅s. These findings not only indicate the prospective use of HVFR in slick-water hydrofracking, but also shed light on the design of novel friction reducers utilized in the oil and gas industry.

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“…22 Zhang developed a self-suspension proppant coated with modified polyacrylamide. 23 In addition, improving the proppant material directly to reduce the proppant density or size is also a way to enhance the proppant transport capacity. Zhang reported the research on the combined application of micron proppant and CO 2 in shale gas reservoir fracturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fan developed hydrophobic epoxy resin coated proppants with the ultra-high self-suspension ability and enhanced liquid conductivity . Zhang developed a self-suspension proppant coated with modified polyacrylamide . In addition, improving the proppant material directly to reduce the proppant density or size is also a way to enhance the proppant transport capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Transport Law of Different Fracturing Granular Materials in Fracture

Guo

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Hydraulic fracturing is an important technology for the development of unconventional oil and gas. The complexity and filling of fractures are important factors for determining the fracturing effect. In order to control the fracture shape and improve the filling of the fracture, it is necessary to inject granular materials such as a temporary plugging agent (TPA) and special performance proppant into the fracture. Understanding the transport law of these granular materials in the fracture can guide us to optimize the fracturing scheme and improve the fracturing effect. In this paper, we studied the transport characteristics of granular TPA, floating agent, new coated quartz sand, micron proppant, ultra-low-density (ULD) proppant, and conventional quartz sand based on the large visual granular transport equipment. The results show that when the TPA of different sizes is injected successively to plug fractures, 20 mPa•s fracturing fluid is suggested for carrying 16/20 mesh TPA in the early stage, and slickwater is suggested for carrying 40/60 mesh TPA in the later stage. The methods of stopping the pump many times with low floating agent concentration or stopping the pump once with high concentration are two ways to realize that the floating agent is laid in the upper part of the fracture to form an artificial barrier. When the injection rate is large, we can only choose the latter. In slickwater, the newly coated quartz sand produces bubbles on its surface and adsorbs each other, which enhances its transport capacity and reduces the amount of sand used. Micron proppant and ULD proppant have the characteristics of less settlement in the major fracture and more settlement in the branched fracture, so they are suitable for filling branched fractures.

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Combined micro-proppant and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) fracturing in shale gas reservoirs: A review

Cited by 59 publications

References 148 publications

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

Turbulent Drag Reduction with an Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Water-Soluble Polymer in Slick-Water Hydrofracking

Experimental Study on the Transport Law of Different Fracturing Granular Materials in Fracture

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Combined micro-proppant and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) fracturing in shale gas reservoirs: A review

Cited by 59 publications

References 148 publications

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO2 Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO2 Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

Turbulent Drag Reduction with an Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Water-Soluble Polymer in Slick-Water Hydrofracking

Experimental Study on the Transport Law of Different Fracturing Granular Materials in Fracture

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Product

Resources

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Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs

Progress and Prospects of Supercritical CO₂ Application in the Exploitation of Shale Gas Reservoirs