Combined Method for Measuring 3D Wave Spectra. I. Algorithms to Transform the Optical-Brightness Field into the Wave-Height Distribution

Abstract

Although optical tools for measuring the surface-wave characteristics provide the best spatial and temporal resolutions compared with other methods, they face some difficulties while converting the results of indirect measurements into the absolute levels of waves. In this paper, we propose a combined optical method for measuring the 3D spectral density of the heights and the time realizations of the surface-wave profiles. The method involves, first, synchronous recording of the optical-brightness field on a rough-surface area and the surface-oscillation measurement at one or several points and, second, filtering of the spatial image spectrum, so that the filter parameters are also chosen from the condition of maximum correlation of the reconstructed and measured surface oscillations at one or two points. The second part of this work deals with the results of measuring the multi-dimensional wave spectra on the basis of the proposed method.

Efficient machine learning method for spatio-temporal water surface waves reconstruction from polarimetric images

“…Several laboratory and open sea studies have shown the effectiveness of the polarimetric approach [8,[10][11][12]. However, the physical models have been shown to be of low accuracy and their use in various open sea and lighting conditions has been shown to be limited.…”

Measuring the Wave Height Based on Binocular Cameras

“…The wave detection parameters include the height, direction and waveform. Based on differences among the measurement methods, wave detection techniques can be classified into various types, such as aerometry, photogrammetric techniques [4], radar measurements [5], electronic measurements [6], optical measurements [7], and acoustic measurements [8]. The photogrammetric method is a non-contact measurement technique; this means that no sensors are launched onto the water surface, and the propagation of waves is not impacted.…”