Combined InSAR and Terrestrial Structural Monitoring of Bridges

Selvakumaran, Sivasakthy; Rossi, Cristian; Marinoni, Andrea; Webb, Graham; Bennetts, John; Barton, Elena; Plank, Simon; Middleton, Campbell

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2020.2979961

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…55 Previous studies have shown the feasibility of these techniques for monitoring the settlement of bridge piers 87 and the structural deformations of bridges. 16,45,[88][89][90][91][92] Other studies have utilised MT-InSAR to investigate the response of dams to subsidence 48,49,93 and earthquakes, 94 or to detect the non-linear component of asset motion. 50,88 The majority of MT-InSAR validation activities have compared deformation velocities and displacement timeseries with estimations based on traditional sources, such as levelling 95,96 or GPS measurements.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring deformations of infrastructure networks: A fully automated GIS integration and analysis of InSAR time-series

Macchiarulo

Milillo

Blenkinsopp

et al. 2022

Structural Health Monitoring

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Ageing stock and extreme weather events pose a threat to the safety of infrastructure networks. In most countries, funding allocated to infrastructure management is insufficient to perform systematic inspections over large transport networks. As a result, early signs of distress can develop unnoticed, potentially leading to catastrophic structural failures. Over the past 20 years, a wealth of literature has demonstrated the capability of satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) to accurately detect surface deformations of different types of assets. Thanks to the high accuracy and spatial density of measurements, and a short revisit time, space-borne remote-sensing techniques have the potential to provide a cost-effective and near real-time monitoring tool. Whilst InSAR techniques offer an effective approach for structural health monitoring, they also provide a large amount of data. For civil engineering procedures, these need to be analysed in combination with large infrastructure inventories. Over a regional scale, the manual extraction of InSAR-derived displacements from individual assets is extremely time-consuming and an automated integration of the two datasets is essential to effectively assess infrastructure systems. This paper presents a new methodology based on the fully automated integration of InSAR-based measurements and Geographic Information System-infrastructure inventories to detect potential warnings over extensive transport networks. A Sentinel dataset from 2016 to 2019 is used to analyse the Los Angeles highway and freeway network, while the Italian motorway network is evaluated by using open access ERS/Envisat datasets between 1992 and 2010, COSMO-SkyMed datasets between 2008 and 2014 and Sentinel datasets between 2014 and 2020. To demonstrate the flexibility of the proposed methodology to different SAR sensors and infrastructure classes, the analysis of bridges and viaducts in the two test areas is also performed. The outcomes highlight the potential of the proposed methodology to be integrated into structural health monitoring systems and improve current procedures for transport network management.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring deformations of infrastructure networks: A fully automated GIS integration and analysis of InSAR time-series

Macchiarulo

Milillo

Blenkinsopp

et al. 2022

Structural Health Monitoring

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“…MT-InSAR techniques supply the structural community with time series measurements of LOS displacements of terrain deformation [18] or structures such as bridges or buildings [19] whose deformation may result from terrain deformation or from causes such as thermal expansion contraction of the Sentinel-1 data after applying the RapidSAR methodology [13] from the commercial provider SatSense Ltd. (b) Each persistent scatterer has a LOS measurement taken at the time of each acquisition, and the time series measurement plot is displayed for three selected persistent scatterers in different colours in the region of tunnel settlement marked in red in (a).…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these studies demonstrate that multi-temporal InSAR images can be used to monitor infrastructure and obtain useful insights on valuable building and infrastructure assets. However, they require expert knowledge to process the data and interpret the results [19]. The processing is extremely technical and requires the selection of a number of different methods and a large number of parameters over different stages, based on each specific context.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, identifying unexpected subsidence could provide warning to potential damage to structures located in the zone of subsidence. Another example would be identifying a bridge oscillating with thermal dilation and contraction, whose seasonal behaviour changes which could alert asset owners to the fact that the bridge may have articulation or bearing problems [19].…”

Section: B Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blind Source Separation for MT-InSAR Analysis With Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Martín

Hooper

Wright

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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“…We find that a trihedral corner reflector with an inner leg of 227 at least 1 m gives is sufficiently large to give a stable phase 228 response, and one with an inner leg of up to 0.6m appears 229 to be too small for the C-band Sentinel-1 acquisitions. We cannot conclude a clear cut-off in size, as we do not have any InSAR data processed for a corner reflector that is between 0.6 m and 1 m. One example where smaller reflectors (0.35 m inner leg triangular trihedrals) were installed after the launch of the Sentinel-1 mission is a study on the Waterloo bridge in London [23]. These corner reflectors were originally designed to be used with X-band SAR missions, rather than the C-band Sentinel-1 one, and are therefore not optimally oriented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel Corner-Reflector Array Application in Essential Infrastructure Monitoring

Kelevitz

Wright

Hooper

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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High precision monitoring of infrastructure using 1 artificial reflectors is possible with freely available Sentinel-1 2 data, but large reflectors are needed. We find that a triangular 3 trihedral corner reflector should typically have at least 1 m inner 4 leg length. 5 As such large reflectors are often not feasible for use in urban 6 areas for essential infrastructure monitoring, we designed a 7 multiple corner-reflector array to replace a single corner reflector 8 with an inner leg length of 1 m. In this case, we use four reflectors 9 where each of them is a truncated triangular trihedral with an 10 inner leg length of 0.33 m. We measured InSAR amplitude, phase 11 and coherence of this reflector array with various configurations 12 of alignments of the array. We find that as long as great care 13 is taken in the relative positioning of the four corner reflectors, 14 so that they constructively interfere, each horizontal or vertical 15 configuration provides the expected amplitude, coherence and 16 phase stability.17Applications of multiple small corner reflectors in urban 18 areas range from essential infrastructure monitoring (e.g bridges, 19 overpasses, tunnel constructions), through assessment of struc-20 tural health of buildings, to monitoring highway and railway 21 embankments. We show that the multiple corner array works 22 when placed in a single InSAR resolution cell, but depending on 23 the application, the number and projection of corner reflectors 24 can be varied, as long as sufficient signal-to-clutter ratio is 25 achieved in the area of interest. 26 Index Terms-Corner Reflectors, InSAR, Infrastructure mon-27 itoring 28 I. INTRODUCTION 29 O UR ever-expanding structural infrastructure is in con-30 stant need of monitoring and maintenance due to damage 31 from regular use and exposure to natural processes. It is near-32 impossible to manually inspect all bridges, railways, highways, 33 and other essential infrastructure to predict and avoid failures 34 that might result in loss of life and great economic losses. 35 Recent advances in various remote sensing methods have 36 improved our capabilities to monitor large areas with various 37 techniques of different temporal and spatial resolutions.38 In particular, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (In-39 SAR) is being widely used for ground motion detection for 40 various applications ranging from world-wide natural haz-41 ard monitoring (e.g. [1]), and early warning (e.g. [2], [3]) 42 through nation-wide infrastructure and land observation (e.g.43 [4], [5]) to small-scale studies of local deformations (e.g.

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Combined InSAR and Terrestrial Structural Monitoring of Bridges

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Monitoring deformations of infrastructure networks: A fully automated GIS integration and analysis of InSAR time-series

Monitoring deformations of infrastructure networks: A fully automated GIS integration and analysis of InSAR time-series

Blind Source Separation for MT-InSAR Analysis With Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Novel Corner-Reflector Array Application in Essential Infrastructure Monitoring

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