Combined Ground Penetrating Radar and Seismic System for Detecting Tunnels

Detection of linear and planar structures in 3D subsurface images by iterative dimension reduction

“…To investigate the potential for new feature detection algorithms, an experimental setup using co-located GPR and seismic sensors has been built [12,31]. An experimental scenario has been investigated with scale models of linear structures in an experimental model sandbox filled with nearly-homogeneous sand.…”

“…Using these parameters the 3D line parameters (θ L , φ L , u L , v L ) can be found by solving the following two equations: (11) and ρ lp = sτ + u L α + v L β. (12) The orientation parameters (θ L , φ L ) for a line can be found by solving the first equation (11). This will define (τ , α, β) and = τ ⊗ ξ for the second equation (12) which is used to solve for (u L , v L ).…”

“…(12) The orientation parameters (θ L , φ L ) for a line can be found by solving the first equation (11). This will define (τ , α, β) and = τ ⊗ ξ for the second equation (12) which is used to solve for (u L , v L ). To test if the selected line is a linear or point-like object a 1D version of the test proposed in Section 3.1 can be used.…”

“…Seismic exploration methods [9][10][11] with combined sensors [12] have also been considered. Other techniques [10,11,13,14] that take advantage of the linear nature of targets generally apply linear feature detection algorithms like the Hough Transform (HT) [15] to the backprojected seismic or GPR images.…”

Compressive sensing of parameterized shapes in images

“…Figure 3(a) shows backprojected seismic surface energy image taken over a buried pipe [12]. The standard HT of the image is shown in Fig.…”