Combined Grammar for the Modeling of Building Interiors

Abstract

ABSTRACT:As spatial grammars have proven successful and efficient to deliver LOD3 models, the next challenge is their extension to indoor applications, leading to LOD4 models. Therefore, a combined indoor grammar for the automatic generation of indoor models from erroneous and incomplete observation data is presented. In building interiors where inaccurate observation data is available, the grammar can be used to make the reconstruction process robust, and verify the reconstructed geometries. In unobserved building interiors, the grammar can generate hypotheses about possible indoor geometries matching the style of the rest of the building. The grammar combines concepts from L-systems and split grammars. It is designed in such way that it can be derived from observation data fully automatically. Thus, manual predefinitions of the grammar rules usually required to tune the grammar to a specific building style, become obsolete. The potential benefit of using our grammar as support for indoor modeling is evaluated based on an example where the grammar has been applied to automatically generate an indoor model from erroneous and incomplete traces gathered by foot-mounted MEMS/IMU positioning systems.

Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional (3D) Indoor Interiors with Multiple Stories via Comprehensive Segmentation

“…In this paper, a door is lower than the height of the wall in which it is contained, whereas an opening extends the entire height of the wall and reaches the ceiling [39]. In this paper, the geometric structure of building interiors can be organized by floors [11,50,51] and the connected area between two floors. Furthermore, each floor can be deconstructed into rooms and corridors [10][11][12].…”

“…In this paper, the geometric structure of building interiors can be organized by floors [11,50,51] and the connected area between two floors. Furthermore, each floor can be deconstructed into rooms and corridors [10][11][12]. Each room that connects other rooms or corridors via doors is enclosed by a floor, a ceiling, and walls.…”

“…To accelerate data acquisition and improve the accuracy of a reconstructed model, many research groups have developed various sensor-based surveying technologies [5,9]. Laser-scanning technologies are significantly advanced [4,[10][11][12] and they can rapidly capture the details of a complex indoor structure's geometry; thus, laser-scanning technologies show promise for certain applications [8]. The high-quality reconstruction of a watertight mesh model from scanned studied [1,14], although the addressed issues are different.…”

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“…Shape grammars can also be used to define indoor models. For instance, Becker et al (2013) proposed a full automatic approach to generate 3D building interior models from partly erroneous or incomplete observation data.…”

3D Modelling of Interior Spaces: Learning the Language of Indoor Architecture

“…Other types of grammar have been used for modelling interior spaces by Becker et al (2013). In our approach, we derive our shape grammar from an architectural indoor design concept known as the Palladian grammar (Stiny and Mitchell, 1978).…”