Combined Factors for Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Population Aged 75 Years and Older: From a Behavioral Perspective

Yan, Zhixiong; Zou, Xia; Hou, Xiao-Hui

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02217

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The percentage of illiterate people is in line with the values reported for Portugal in 2015 (27.7%) and the number of people who attended five or more years of education (3.4%) is much lower than the national values (21.7%) ( PORDATA, 2021 ). Illiteracy increases the possibility of having cognitive problems by 2.92 times when compared to people with other level of education ( Yan et al, 2020 ). In a study conducted to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in a sample of Portuguese older people living in the community, the number of people with cognitive impairment rises with age, which reinforces a relationship between cognitive problems and age ( Paúl et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perceived Risk of Hospitalization in Primary Health Care – The Importance of Multidimensional Assessment

Santos

Veiga

Paúl

2021

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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Ageing has increased the use of health services, with a corresponding rise in avoidable hospitalizations. We aimed to assess and characterize the perceived risk of hospitalization in primary health care (PHC). 118 individuals aged ≥65 years, PHC patients, were assessed using the Community Risk Assessment Instrument by their General Practitioner, who identified their perceived risk of hospitalization, at one year. The instrument is composed of three domains (mental state, daily living activities (ADLs) state and medical state). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the best model to predict the risk of hospitalization. Four models were estimated, one for each domain and one with all the variables of the instrument. 58.5% were identified as being at risk of hospitalization. The best predictive models are those that include functionality assessment variables (ADL model and Community Assessment of Risk Instrument model). The model that includes all the variables of three domains presents the best predictive value. Mobility problems (Odds Ratio (OR) 16.18 [CI: 1.63–160.53]), meal preparation (OR 10.93 [CI: 1.59–75.13]), communication (OR 6.91 [CI: 1.37–34.80]) and palliative care (OR 4.84 [CI: 1.14–20.58]) are the best predictors of hospitalization risk. The use of multidimensional assessment tools can allow the timely identification of people at risk, contributing to a reduction in hospitalizations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perceived Risk of Hospitalization in Primary Health Care – The Importance of Multidimensional Assessment

Santos

Veiga

Paúl

2021

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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“…Based on the assessment carried out, the GP will assess the global perceived risk for the occurrence of institutionalization, hospitalization, and death, in the following 12 months, scoring from 1 (Minimum/Rare) to 5 (Extreme/Sure). The assessment of the perceived risk is based on two pillars: the level of severity and the protective capacity of the care network [49,69]. To facilitate analysis, the risk value assessed in the Global Risk Score was identified as minimal/no risk if assessed as 1 or 2, or maximum/ no risk if assessed as 3 to 5 [27].…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handgrip Strength and the Perceived Risk of Institutionalization, Hospitalization and Death

Santos¹,

Paúl²

2022

jfammed

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Background: Handgrip strength assessment is a simple, quick and lowcost measure, and the presence of low values is predictive of adverse health outcomes such as institutionalization, hospitalization, and death. Weakness and frailty are two intrinsically linked concepts. The need to identify the older adults at risk, living in the community, has led to the development of multidimensional instruments for use in primary health care. The identification of predictors of adverse events is an added value for the referral, development, and planning of appropriate and prompt interventions. Aim: This study aimed to 1) explore the associations between the HGS and the different variables studied and 2) verify whether the HGS assessment is sufficiently robust to be systematically and routinely used in PHC to identify older people potentially at risk of adverse events over one year. Methods: 71 men and 103 women aged ≥65 years, community residents and primary health care users, were assessed on different anthropometric parameters, muscle strength and performance, and the perceived risk of institutionalization, hospitalization, and death at one year using the Community Risk Assessment Instrument. T-Test and Spearman correlation were used to identify the relations between variables. To identify the relationship between HGS and the presence or absence of concerns and the perceived risk of institutionalization, hospitalization, and death, an age-adjusted analysis of variance was performed. Results: Handgrip strength shows significant negative correlations with age, number of diseases, and muscle performance assessed by TUG for both genders. It presents a significant association with problems in Mental State for women (p=0.004), Medical State for men (p=0.025), and ADLs for both genders (Men p=0.001; Women p=0.037). General practitioner perceived risk shows a significant association with the risk of institutionalization (p=0.001) and hospitalization (p=0.004) in women. Conclusions: The associations found, lead us to suggest the use of handgrip strength measurement as a routine assessment in primary health care services, for preventively identifying people at risk of adverse events. Those assessed as 'weak', taking into account the HGS value, would be targeted for a more in-depth assessment and then referred to interventions designed to respond to the identified problems.

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“…Low or impaired cognitive function is associated with an increased risk of institutionalization, hospitalization, disease, disability, and premature death [3][4][5]. Although the etiology of low or impaired cognitive function remains unclear, many researchers have raised the question of what factors affect cognitive function improvement, precede cognitive decline, and alleviate cognitive impairment [6][7][8]. Various factors, including health behaviors, diet, and social interactions, are targeted to provide key facts on the risks and benefits of cognitive improvement, decline, and maintenance [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Status of Serum Albumin and Cognitive Function: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Min

Yang

et al. 2022

JCM

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Previous studies have found an association between serum albumin levels and cognitive function. However, the results of this association are inconsistent, and the effect of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) on the association is less clear. Using retrospective cohort data (2008–2020), we investigated whether chronic serum albumin was associated with cognitive performance in older adults. We further assessed how the APOE genotype modifies its relevance. A total of 2396 Korean veterans and their families who were aged 65 years or older in 2008 and who had both data of serum albumin and cognitive performance (assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) were included for the current study. The serum albumin levels were divided into four groups by quartiles: Group 1 (<4.0 g/dL), Group 2 (4.0–4.19 g/dL), Group 3 (4.2–4.49 g/dL), and Group 4 (≥4.5 g/dL). APOE ε4 carriers were defined as the presence of at least one ε4 allele (ε2/4, ε3/4, ε4/4). After adjusting for age, sex, and medical conditions, serum albumin levels (assessed by the median serum albumin levels during the study period) were significantly associated with increases in the median MMSE scores (beta = 3.30, p < 0.0001). Compared with the lowest median albumin category (Group 1), the beta coefficients for the median MMSE score were significantly and gradually increased in Group 2 (beta = 2.80, p < 0.0001), Group 3 (beta = 3.71, p < 0.0001), and Group 4 (beta = 4.01, p < 0.0001), respectively. In the analysis of repeated albumin measures, similar patterns were observed in cognitive function. All regression coefficients were greater in ε4 carriers than in non-carriers. Our findings suggested that sustained lower serum albumin levels were associated with lower MMSE scores. This observation may be modified by APOE polymorphisms.

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Combined Factors for Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Population Aged 75 Years and Older: From a Behavioral Perspective

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

The Perceived Risk of Hospitalization in Primary Health Care – The Importance of Multidimensional Assessment

The Perceived Risk of Hospitalization in Primary Health Care – The Importance of Multidimensional Assessment

Handgrip Strength and the Perceived Risk of Institutionalization, Hospitalization and Death

Chronic Status of Serum Albumin and Cognitive Function: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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