Combined Effects of Laser and Fluoride on Acid Resistance of Human Dental Enamel (with 1 color plate)

Tagomori, Shoko; Morioka, Toshio

doi:10.1159/000261182

Cited by 176 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Laser irradiation associated to the fluor, is also efficient in the increase of the enamel resistance (Twasi et al, 1991), and in the increase of the fluor incorporation (Tagomori & Morioka, 1989), being able to play an important role in the prevention or removal of dental caries (White et al).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Alterations of the Surfaces of Enamel and Dentin of Deciduous Teeth Irradiated with Nd:YAG, C0(2)and Diode Lasers

et al. 2009

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SUMMARY:In this work, we studied the effects of CO 2 , Nd:YAG and diode lasers on the enamel and dentin of deciduous human teeth. After the irradiations, the samples were duly prepared and set up on metallic bases, covered with gold and examined in the scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the irradiation with the CO 2 mode locked laser with 1.0 W power caused melting and irregularities with small cavities on the surface of the enamel. The irradiated area on the dentin surface appeared circular and well delimited, containing blocks of dentin and cracks. By using the pulsed Nd:YAG laser with 1.0 W mean power and 10 Hz frequency, the enamel surface presented granules of molten enamel, with a typical melting look. The irradiated dentin surface presented a cavity with a margin elevated with granules and holes, and its bottom presented dentinary tubules with globules of melted dentin. Irradiation with the mode locked of diode laser with 1.0 W mean power, showed the formation of a melted and evenly resolidified enamel surface, and the dentin surface presented a block of melted dentin with adjacent regions of normal dentin, evidently with a relatively smooth surface.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Alterations of the Surfaces of Enamel and Dentin of Deciduous Teeth Irradiated with Nd:YAG, C0(2)and Diode Lasers

et al. 2009

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“…Besides CO 2 -lasers, which had originally been used for this purpose [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] to reduce the acid dissolution of enamel, other lasers have been investigated in laboratory studies including Nd:YAG, [11][12][13][14] Er:YAG-, [15][16][17][18] and Er,Cr:YSGG-, [19][20][21] as well as argon ion lasers [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] with and without additional topical fluoride application. There are also reports from small scale in vivo studies using an argon laser around orthodontic brackets 29 or Nd:YAG-laser treatment coupled with initiation dye and acidulated fluoride application in children with the effects assessed by following the development of white spot lesions or fissure caries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caries inhibition in vital teeth using 9.6-μm CO2-laser irradiation

Rechmann

Fried

et al. 2011

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that in a short-term clinical pilot trial short-pulsed 9.6 μm CO 2 -laser irradiation significantly inhibits demineralization in vivo. Twenty-four subjects scheduled for extraction of bicuspids for orthodontic reasons (age 14.9 ± 2.2 years) were recruited. Orthodontic brackets were placed on bicuspids (Transbond XT, 3M). An area next to the bracket was irradiated with a CO 2 -laser (Pulse System Inc, Los Alamos, New Mexico), wavelength 9.6 μm, pulse duration 20 μs, pulse repetition rate 20 Hz, beam diameter 1100 μm, average fluence 4.1 ± 0.3J/cm 2 , 20 laser pulses per spot. An adjacent nonirradiated area served as control. Bicuspids were extracted after four and twelve weeks, respectively, for a quantitative assessment of demineralization by cross-sectional microhardness testing. For the 4-week arm the mean relative mineral loss Z (vol% × μm) for the laser treated enamel was 402 ± 85 (mean ± SE), while the control showed significantly higher mineral loss ( Z 738 ± 131; P = 0.04, t-test). The difference was even larger after twelve weeks (laser arm Z 135 ± 98; control 1067 ± 254; P = 0.002). The laser treatment produced 46% demineralization inhibition for the 4-week and a marked 87% inhibition for the 12-week arm. This study shows, for the first time in vivo, that the short-pulsed 9.6 μm CO 2 -laser irradiation successfully inhibits demineralization of tooth enamel in humans. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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“…Several studies over the past thirty years have indicated that lasers can be used to thermally modify the chemical composition of dental enamel to render it more resistant to acid dissolution and potentially more resistant to dental caries [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . Moreover, other studies have indicated that topical fluoride treatments can work synergistically with the laser treatment to further enhance its inhibitory effect [31][32][33][34] . However, it has yet to be demonstrated that lasers can be used to inhibit the demineralization of dentin and only a few papers have identified any beneficial effect of laser treatments on dentin 35,36 .…”

Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging natural and artificial demineralization on dentin surfaces with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography

2008

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The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) to measure non-destructively the severity of natural and artificial caries lesions in dentin and determine the efficacy of intervention with anti-caries agents. Although several studies have demonstrated the utility of PS-OCT to image caries lesions in enamel and to quantify the lesion severity, only a few studies have focused on lesions in dentin. In this study images of natural root caries lesions on extracted human teeth were acquired with PS-OCT. In addition artificial lesions were produced in dentin after 12 days of exposure to a demineralization solution at a pH of 5.0. Before exposure, three incisions were made on the sample surfaces using Er:YAG laser irradiation and selected areas were treated with topical fluoride. PS-OCT images were acquired using a high power (45-mw) 1310-nm superluminescent diode with a bandwidth of 35-nm. PS-OCT was able to measure demineralization in dentin to a depth of ~ 1 mm. Polarized light microscopy and microradiography were used to measure lesion severity on histological thin sections for comparison. PS-OCT successfully measured the inhibition of demineralization by topical fluoride. Er:YAG laser irradiation did not significantly increase or decrease the rate of dentin demineralization. Keywords polarization; optical coherence tomography; Er:YAG laser; dentin; laser ablation; caries inhibition; thermal damage; topical fluoride INTRODUCTIONSeveral studies over the past few years have demonstrated that optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to measure natural and artificial caries lesions on enamel surfaces [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Although the penetration depth of near-IR light is considerably less in dentin than for enamel due to the higher scattering coefficient of dentin, PS-OCT and OCT images of dentin with root caries show that penetration depths of ~ 1 mm can be achieved and demineralized dentin can be discriminated from sound dentin and cementum 8,14 . * daniel.fried@ucsf.edu, 415-502-6641. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technique for creating cross-sectional images of internal biological structure 15,16 . Depth-resolved measurements of caries lesions can be acquired on enamel surfaces [17][18][19][20][21] . In contrast to sound enamel that is highly transparent in the near-IR, sound dentin strongly scatters light in the near-IR and is highly birefringent. Therefore, there is some question whether the same approach employed to assess the severity of demineralization on enamel surfaces can be applied to the surface of dentin. We have shown that for enamel surfaces demineralized areas on the tooth depolarize incident linearly polarized light and the reflectivity in the (⊥) polarization state can be directly integrated to provide a measure of the lesion severity.PS-OCT is well-suited for imaging thermal changes...

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Combined Effects of Laser and Fluoride on Acid Resistance of Human Dental Enamel (with 1 color plate)

Cited by 176 publications

References 16 publications

Morphological Alterations of the Surfaces of Enamel and Dentin of Deciduous Teeth Irradiated with Nd:YAG, C0(2)and Diode Lasers

Morphological Alterations of the Surfaces of Enamel and Dentin of Deciduous Teeth Irradiated with Nd:YAG, C0(2)and Diode Lasers

Caries inhibition in vital teeth using 9.6-μm CO2-laser irradiation

Imaging natural and artificial demineralization on dentin surfaces with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography

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