Combined Effects of Graphite Tailings and Curing Conditions on the Early‐Age Performances of Cement Mortar

Liu, Hongbo; Zhang, Yuxin; Li, Ben; Wang, Zhongrui

doi:10.1155/2020/5965328

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The environmental loads related to nuclear energy for the analyzed batteries are of a similar type. For each battery, they include the exploitation of an underground uranium mine [89], and for lithium-ion and lithium iron phosphate batteries they also involve the exploitation of an open-pit uranium mine, as also confirmed in [90]. In turn, lithium iron phosphate batteries are also characterized by loads from uranium production in cake and leaching on site.…”

Section: Environmental Loads Analysis For Nuclear Energymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Possible ways of improving the quality of quicklime, including reducing its negative environmental impact [73] Resource depletion assessment for NCM batteries [33] Heat production, hard coal Proposition of a procedure for preoxidation in the gas/liquid phase as part of the inoculation of oxygen cross-links in bituminous coal [74] Research involving uncontrolled exothermic reactions as part of the safe design of a battery system with testing on various heating systems [89] Road construction…”

Section: Electricity Production Hard Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Ecological Footprint from the Extraction and Processing of Materials in the LCA Phase of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Siwiec,

Frącz,

Pacana

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The development of batteries used in electric vehicles towards sustainable development poses challenges to designers and manufacturers. Although there has been research on the analysis of the environmental impact of batteries during their life cycle (LCA), there is still a lack of comparative analyses focusing on the first phase, i.e., the extraction and processing of materials. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to perform a detailed comparative analysis of popular electric vehicle batteries. The research method was based on the analysis of environmental burdens regarding the ecological footprint of the extraction and processing of materials in the life cycle of batteries for electric vehicles. Popular batteries were analyzed: lithium-ion (Li-Ion), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), and three-component lithium nickel cobalt manganese (NCM). The ecological footprint criteria were carbon dioxide emissions, land use (including modernization and land development) and nuclear energy emissions. This research was based on data from the GREET model and data from the Ecoinvent database in the OpenLCA programme. The results of the analysis showed that considering the environmental loads for the ecological footprint, the most advantageous from the environmental point of view in the extraction and processing of materials turned out to be a lithium iron phosphate battery. At the same time, key environmental loads occurring in the first phase of the LCA of these batteries were identified, e.g., the production of electricity using hard coal, the production of quicklime, the enrichment of phosphate rocks (wet), the production of phosphoric acid, and the uranium mine operation process. To reduce these environmental burdens, improvement actions are proposed, resulting from a synthesized review of the literature. The results of the analysis may be useful in the design stages of new batteries for electric vehicles and may constitute the basis for undertaking pro-environmental improvement actions toward the sustainable development of batteries already present on the market.

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Section: Environmental Loads Analysis For Nuclear Energymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Electricity Production Hard Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Ecological Footprint from the Extraction and Processing of Materials in the LCA Phase of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Siwiec,

Frącz,

Pacana

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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“…There has been rare research on GT environment-friendly concrete. Liu et al [37][38][39][40][41][42] prepared GT concrete with high electrical conductivity, frost resistance, and mechanical properties. Kathirvel, P. et al [43] suggested that the optimal mechanical properties and durability can be obtained when GT are replaced by 40% volume content of sand.…”

Section: Comparison Of Gt and Sand Mesoscopic Picturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Mechanism Analysis of Graphite Tailings Environment-Friendly Concrete

Duan

Liu

et al. 2022

Materials

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The development of tailings in concrete technology is not only conducive to the realization of the goal of reducing carbon emissions, but also conducive to the inhibition the occurrence of shortages of sand and gravel supplies. In this study, graphite tailings were used to replace sand in the range of 0~100%, and the mechanical mechanism of graphite tailings concrete was examined through compressive and flexural tests. The mechanical experimental results were evaluated and verified based on concrete macroscopic failure appearance, mesoscopic failure appearance, and physical characteristics of graphite tailings. The results revealed that the concrete strength increases first and then decreases with the increase of the graphite tailings content. Compared to GT00 (GT00 is a specimen with a graphite tailings content of 0%, and so on), GT10~GT60 exhibited better mechanical properties, of which 30% was recommended as the optimal replacement rate. The mechanical properties of GT10 and GT20 had an upward trend, and GT30 had low spalling, with aggregate fragmentation found on the fracture surface. GT30 showed the best resistance to bending and deformation. The mechanical properties of GT40~GT60 had a downward trend. When the graphite tailings content was higher than 70%, the interface defects of the aggregate matrix increased, thus making it easier for cracks to propagate along the interface. Furthermore, the mechanism of graphite tailings replacing sand verified the test results from different perspectives, which provides new analysis ideas for other tailings in environment-friendly concrete.

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“…It can be found that the incorporation of 20% graphite tailings mainly causes the contraction vibration of -OH (3640) functional group in Ca(OH) 2 without the incorporation of basalt fibres. With the addition of basalt fibres, the absorption peaks of -OH (3640) functional group vibrations changes from strong to weak, indicating that graphite tailings and basalt fibres inhibit the formation of Ca(OH) 2 in cement mortar [49]. This may be caused by the hydrophilic nature of graphite tailings and basalt fibres, resulting in insufficient bound water in the mortar during hydration; it may also be reflected laterally by the change in the bending vibration of H-O-H (1640) to lower the absorption peak of the -OH (3640) functional group.…”

Section: Analysis Of Functional Group Changes In Bfr-gtcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fibre-Reinforced Graphite Tailings Cement Mortar

Zhang

et al. 2022

Buildings

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In order to solve the limitation of graphite tailings in improving the toughness of cement-based materials, this paper aims to study the effect of basalt fibres (BF) on the mechanical properties of graphite tailings cement mortar (GTCM). Basic physical and mechanical tests such as fluidity, water absorption, surface water content, flexural strength, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were conducted on basalt fibre-reinforced graphite tailings cement mortar (BFR-GTCM), and combined with microscopic tests such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) for the enhancement mechanism were deeply analysed. The results show that 0.3% BF and 20% GT are the optimal doping amounts for the mechanical response of BFR-GTCM, which especially significantly improves the flexural and crack resistance. In addition, the synergistic effect of basalt fibres and graphite tailings optimizes the spatial structure and pore distribution of the cement matrix and promoted the hydration of the cementitious material, thus improving the mechanical properties of BFR-GTCM.

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Combined Effects of Graphite Tailings and Curing Conditions on the Early‐Age Performances of Cement Mortar

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Analysis of the Ecological Footprint from the Extraction and Processing of Materials in the LCA Phase of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Analysis of the Ecological Footprint from the Extraction and Processing of Materials in the LCA Phase of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Mechanical Properties and Mechanism Analysis of Graphite Tailings Environment-Friendly Concrete

An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fibre-Reinforced Graphite Tailings Cement Mortar

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