Combined effects of cyclic stretch and TNF-α on the osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells

Influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in differentiation and mineralization of osteoblast-like and dental pulp cells

“…Regarding to genes related to mineralization, alkaline phosphatase was downregulated upon TNF-α stimulus, as demonstrated previously (Yao et al, 2021). In hDPSCs, TNF-α concentrations of 0.1 -50 ng/mL stimulated the expression of DMP1 and was related to odontoblastic differentiation (Chmilewsky et al, 2019).…”

“…In our study we used higher concentrations of TNF-α and pre-osteoblasts expressed high levels of TNFR2, but were unable to differentiate and mineralize. Previous studies showed that TNFR1 can affect osteoblasts differentiation and consequently suppress RUNX2 expression, as demonstrated in your study (Gilbert et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2014;Yao et al, 2021). According to the literature, the transcription factor Msx1 is involved in osteoblast differentiation (Komori, 2006), and in your study it was not modulated by TNF-α.…”

“…In this study it was observed that TNF-α was not cytotoxic to the cells evaluated, even at higher concentrations (100 ng/mL). Previous studies also shown that TNF-α at 0.5, 10 and 20 ng/ml was not toxic to mesenchymal cells (Yao et al, 2021;Chen et al, 2020).…”

“…It was demonstrated by several studies that TNF-α activates osteoclastogenesis and decreases bone mineral density by inhibiting osteoblastic differentiation (Gilbert et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2019b). According to previous reports, the inhibition of mineralization and differentiation of these cells was associated with the suppression of transcription factor Runx2 by the TNF-α (Gilbert et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2014;Magrey et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2021).…”