Combined Effect of Surface Tension, Gravity and van der Waals Force Induced by a Non-Contact Probe Tip on the Shape of Liquid Surface

Problems involving coupled multiple space and time scales offer a real challenge for conventional frameworks of either particle or continuum mechanics. In this paper, four cases studies (shear band formation in bulk metallic glasses, spallation resulting from stress wave, interaction between a probe tip and sample, the simulation of nanoindentation with molecular statistical thermodynamics) are provided to illustrate the three levels of trans-scale problems (problems due to various physical mechanisms at macro-level, problems due to micro-structural evolution at macro/micro-level, problems due to the coupling of atoms/ molecules and a finite size body at micro/nano-level) and their formulations. Accordingly, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, coupled trans-scale equations and simultaneous solutions, and trans-scale algorithms based on atomic/ molecular interaction are suggested as the three possible modes of trans-scale mechanics.

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Trans-scale mechanics: looking for the missing links between continuum and micro/nanoscopic reality

Bai

Wang

Xia

et al. 2008

Acta Mech. Sin.

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Multi-scale analysis of AFM tip and surface interactions

Wang

et al. 2007

Chemical Engineering Science

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Thoroughly understanding AFM tip-surface interactions is crucial for many experimental studies and applications. It is important to realize that despite its simple appearance, the system of tip and sample surface involves multiscale interactions. In fact, the system is governed by a combination of molecular force (like the van der Waals force), its macroscopic representations (such as surface force) and gravitational force (a macroscopic force). Hence, in the system, various length scales are operative, from sub-nanoscale (at the molecular level) to the macroscopic scale. By integrating molecular forces into continuum equations, we performed a multiscale analysis and revealed the nonlocality effect between a tip and a rough solid surface and the mechanism governing liquid surface deformation and jumping. The results have several significant implications for practical applications. For instance, nonlocality may affect the measurement accuracy of surface morphology. At the critical state of liquid surface jump, the ratio of the gap between a tip and a liquid dome () over the dome height (y 0) is approximately (n − 4) (for a large tip), which depends on the power law exponent n of the molecular interaction energy. These findings demonstrate that the multiscale analysis is not only useful but also necessary in the understanding of practical phenomena involving molecular forces.

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New device for fast measuring surface tension, density and viscosity of liquids

Shi

Gao

et al. 2008

Fluid Phase Equilibria

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Combined Effect of Surface Tension, Gravity and van der Waals Force Induced by a Non-Contact Probe Tip on the Shape of Liquid Surface

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Trans-scale mechanics: looking for the missing links between continuum and micro/nanoscopic reality

Trans-scale mechanics: looking for the missing links between continuum and micro/nanoscopic reality

Multi-scale analysis of AFM tip and surface interactions

New device for fast measuring surface tension, density and viscosity of liquids

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