Combined effect of bio-oil composition and temperature on the stability of Ni spinel derived catalyst for hydrogen production by steam reforming

Comparison of the NiAl2O4 derived catalyst deactivation in the steam reforming and sorption enhanced steam reforming of raw bio-oil in packed and fluidized-bed reactors

“…Ruling out Ni oxidation and sintering as causes of deactivation, this must be attributed to coke deposition. The deposition of different types of coke (inside and outside the particles) causes the deterioration of the catalyst properties, leading to a partial blocking of the pores of the Al 2 O 3 support, which together with the encapsulation of the Ni sites by amorphous coke are the causes of catalyst deactivation [45,55]. To evaluate the deterioration of the porous structure of the catalyst, N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (Fig.…”

From Waste to Clean Energy: An Integrated Pyrolysis and Catalytic Steam Reforming Process for Green Hydrogen Production from Agricultural Crop Residues

“…Despite the much-desired simplicity that they provide, single model compound-based studies have limited applicability for scale-up due to the vast difference in the chemical nature and behavior of crude bio-oil and model compounds. The problem of accelerated coke formation and catalyst deactivation rates has been noted when raw bio-oil is utilized directly, ,, leading to increased focus on investigating reforming with either complex simulated bio-oil made up of a mixture of model oxygenates belonging to different families ,− or crude bio-oil − to simulate more realistic reaction conditions. Consequently, designing an effective catalytic system is pivotal for efficient H 2 production from bio-oil is critical as the two major reactions in bio-oil steam reforming global steam reforming reaction (eq S1) and water gas shift reaction (eq S2) are often accompanied by numerous side reactions (methane formation, thermal decomposition, Boudouard reaction, etc.…”