Combined Effect of Alternating Current Interference and Cathodic Protection on Pitting Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Environment

Wang, Liwei; Cheng, Lianjun; Li, Junru; Zhu, Zejie; Bai, Suo; Cui, Zhongyu

doi:10.3390/ma11040465

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When the applied CP level was −0.925 V vs. CSE (data not shown), the DC potential becomes more positive at low AC densities of 10 and 50 A•m −2 , while it decreases with 100 A•m −2 AC density. Recently, Wang et al [55] reported similar conclusions for X70 steel in near-neutral bicarbonate solution: at −0.775 V vs. SCE, the DC potential is shifted negatively consequently to the application of AC, while at −0.95 V vs. SCE and −1.2 V vs. SCE, an increase of DC potential is measured (Figure 3). In this case, the potential variation is proportional to AC density.…”

Section: Effect On DC Potential (Cathodic Protection Condition)supporting

confidence: 65%

“…Materials 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 21 et al [55] reported similar conclusions for X70 steel in near-neutral bicarbonate solution: at −0.775 V vs. SCE, the DC potential is shifted negatively consequently to the application of AC, while at −0.95 V vs. SCE and −1.2 V vs. SCE, an increase of DC potential is measured (Figure 3). In this case, the potential variation is proportional to AC density.…”

Section: Effect On DC Potential (Cathodic Protection Condition)supporting

confidence: 56%

“…Much effort has been made in the last decades in order to define acceptable AC interference levels for carbon steel under CP condition. Kajiyama et al [56][57][58][59] proposed a CP criterion based on the ratio between DC and AC et al [55] reported similar conclusions for X70 steel in near-neutral bicarbonate solution: at −0.775 V vs. SCE, the DC potential is shifted negatively consequently to the application of AC, while at −0.95 V vs. SCE and −1.2 V vs. SCE, an increase of DC potential is measured (Figure 3). In this case, the potential variation is proportional to AC density.…”

Section: Acceptable Ac Interference Levels-protection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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AC Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Cathodic Protection Condition: Assessment, Criteria and Mechanism. A Review

2020

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Cathodic protection (CP), in combination with an insulating coating, is a preventative system to control corrosion of buried carbon steel pipes. The corrosion protection of coating defects is achieved by means of a cathodic polarization below the protection potential, namely −0.85 V vs. CSE (CSE, copper-copper sulfate reference electrode) for carbon steel in aerated soil. The presence of alternating current (AC) interference, induced by high-voltage power lines (HVPL) or AC-electrified railways, may represent a corrosion threat for coated carbon steel structures, although the potential protection criterion is matched. Nowadays, the protection criteria in the presence of AC, as well as AC corrosion mechanisms in CP condition, are still controversial and discussed. This paper deals with a narrative literature review, which includes selected journal articles, conference proceedings and grey literature, on the assessment, acceptable criteria and corrosion mechanism of carbon steel structures in CP condition with AC interference. The study shows that the assessment of AC corrosion likelihood should be based on the measurement of AC and DC (direct current) related parameters, namely AC voltage, AC and DC densities and potential measurements. Threshold values of the mentioned parameters are discussed. Overprotection (EIR-free < −1.2 V vs. CSE) is the most dangerous condition in the presence of AC: the combination of strong alkalization close to the coating defect due to the high CP current density and the action of AC interference provokes localized corrosion of carbon steel.

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Section: Effect On DC Potential (Cathodic Protection Condition)supporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Effect On DC Potential (Cathodic Protection Condition)supporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Acceptable Ac Interference Levels-protection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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AC Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Cathodic Protection Condition: Assessment, Criteria and Mechanism. A Review

2020

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“…where R Corr (millimeters/year), E W (equivalent weight/grams), ρ (density of the metal or alloy/(g/cm 3 )), and j Corr (µA/cm 2 ). It has been reported that the reaction of cathode for metals and/or alloys in neutral chloride solutions is the reduction of O 2 as per the following equation [26,27];…”

Section: Cpp Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

WC-Co and WC-Co-Cr Coatings for the Protection of API Pipeline Steel from Corrosion in 4% NaCl Solution

2020

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Two inorganic coatings, namely 88%WC-12%Co (PSC1) and 86%WC-10%Co-4%Cr (PSC2), were deposited on the surface of an API-2H pipeline steel using high velocity oxy-fuel deposition. The corrosion of the uncoated and coated API-2H steel after their immersion in a solution of 4.0% NaCl for 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h has been studied. Various electrochemical measurements such cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiostatic current versus time were employed. The surface morphology and analysis were carried out via the use of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray examinations. All experiments have revealed that the deposited coatings decreased the cathodic current, anodic current, corrosion current density (jCorr), absolute current versus time, and the corrosion rate (RCorr) compared to the uncoated API-2H steel. The value of jCorr decreased from 47 µA/cm2 for uncoated steel to 38 µA/cm2 for the PSC1-coated steel and 29 µA/cm2 for the PSC2-coated steel. Moreover, prolonging the time of exposure decreases the jCorr and RCorr values. The jCorr values obtained after 48 h recorded 32, 26, and 20 µA/cm2 for the uncoated, PSC1, and PSC2 samples, respectively. Moreover, applying these coatings also led to increasing the corrosion resistance (RP) after all the exposure periods of time. In addition, the PSC2 coating was found to be more protective against corrosion for the surface of the steel than the PSC1 coating.

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“…The hardness of the test decreases with the duration of the test specimen submerged in corrosive media. [1] Research corrosion rate on carbon steel pipe API 5L-Grade B in the environment of H2S gas CO2 saturated condition in NaCl solution [6], corrosion rate on carbon steel pipe API 5L-Grade B in H2S gas environments and saturated CO2 conditions in NaCl solution and acetic acid solution [7], study of stress corrosion cracking due to sweet gas (H2S and CO2) in carbon steel pipe API 5L-X65 to corrosion rate in acetic acid solution [8], Analysis corrosion rate of Carbon steel pipe API 5L-X65 API with determination three point Method on H2S Gas Conditions Saturated conditions of CO2 in Acetic Acid Solutions [9]. Characteristics of carbon steel pipe API 5L-X65 API with three point loading Method in H2S Gas Conditions Saturated Conditions CO2 in Acetic Acid Solutions [10], Analysis of the 5L-X65 API Carbon Steel Pipes with Three Point Loading Method on H2S Gas Conditions Saturated CO2 in Acetic Acid Solution [11].…”

Section: E K S a K T A : B E R K A L A I L M I A H B I D A N G M I mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis Cracking Corrosion on Carbon Steel Pipes API 5L-X65 In Solution 7700 ml Aquades, 250 ml Acetic Acid and 50 ml Ammonia with Gas CO2 and H2S in Saturation Condition

Syafei

Hidayat

Emilliano

et al. 2018

EKSAKTA

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The oil and gas industry exploration that will generally be followed by corrosive substances including sweet gas (eg H2S and CO2), it will result in corrosion event. The corrosion stress cracking will cause the carbon steel pipe to break so that production oil and gas can be stopped. The research aims in this paper is to analyze the corrosion event of carbon steel pipe in laboratory scale on acid environment with the existence of sweet gas H2O and CO2 by using three points loading method. This research uses carbon steel pipe API 5L-X65 which stay in condensation environment of 7700 ml aquades, 250 ml acetic acid and 50 ml ammonia, then filled sweet gas CO2 and H2S in saturated state. Based on the test results of microstructure and microscope polarized, there is a phenomenon corrosion stress cracking, i.e transgranular stress cracking corrosion and intergranular stress cracking corrosion. The accelerate corrosion that happened at the test sample will be greater if ever greater given deflection for the time of the same presentation. Crack deepness in the test of the test sample will deeper if ever greater given deflection. The cracks in the sample test will deeper if it was given stress σ greater for the same exposure time.

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Combined Effect of Alternating Current Interference and Cathodic Protection on Pitting Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Environment

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

AC Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Cathodic Protection Condition: Assessment, Criteria and Mechanism. A Review

AC Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Cathodic Protection Condition: Assessment, Criteria and Mechanism. A Review

WC-Co and WC-Co-Cr Coatings for the Protection of API Pipeline Steel from Corrosion in 4% NaCl Solution

Analysis Cracking Corrosion on Carbon Steel Pipes API 5L-X65 In Solution 7700 ml Aquades, 250 ml Acetic Acid and 50 ml Ammonia with Gas CO2 and H2S in Saturation Condition

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