Combined CD4/CD8 ratio in induced sputum and pulmonary function testing for non-invasive identification of sarcoidosis

Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) vs Eosinophil Count in Induced Sputum (IS) in Parenchymal vs Airways Lung Diseases"

“…This is in accordance with previous studies showing that only up to 20% of people with chronic cough have airway inflammation with eosinophils [23]. We also confirmed our earlier findings [24,25] that levels of eosinophils in ILD in combinations with other cellular parameters are useful in differentiating between granulomatous vs non-granulomatous diseases. Moreover, all patient samples displayed a lymphocytic pattern of inflammation, as was previously shown by us and other groups for PC [26], asthma [27] and ILD [24,25].…”

“…We also confirmed our earlier findings [24,25] that levels of eosinophils in ILD in combinations with other cellular parameters are useful in differentiating between granulomatous vs non-granulomatous diseases. Moreover, all patient samples displayed a lymphocytic pattern of inflammation, as was previously shown by us and other groups for PC [26], asthma [27] and ILD [24,25]. The analysis of inflammatory markers in exhaled breath and in EBC is considered to be a valuable and non-invasive method of monitoring lower airway inflammation, thereby assisting in differential diagnosis, in the assessment of disease severity and in evaluating response to treatment [28].…”

Induced sputum in interstitial lung diseases

“…According to the definition of the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society/World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders [24], there is a consensus that sarcoidosis is characterized by the T helper 1 response with accumulation of CD4 þ T lymphocytes and activated macrophages in the lung, resulting in the typical alveolitis response [10][11][12][13]. In a recent retrospective study [25], we investigated the potential application of the CD4/CD8 ratio of T lymphocytes in sputum in combination with functional parameters to differentiate sarcoidosis from nonsarcoid ILD. We included 120 patients (67 sarcoidosis and 53 nonsarcoid ILD) who underwent both BAL with transbronchial biopsy, induced sputum testing and high-resolution computerized tomography.…”

Non-invasive diagnosis of chronic beryllium disease in workers exposed to hazardous dust in Israel

“…We also showed that a cut-off of 2.5 in the CD4/CD8 ratio has a sensitivity of 73.5% and a specificity of 82.5% to predict the same ratio in the BAL 24. In the present study, we assessed the specificity and sensitivity of the IS value compared to the presence or absence of non-caseating granulomas in the tissue.…”