Combined arteriosclerotic assessment of ankle-brachial index and maximum intima-media thickness via CCTA is useful for predicting coronary artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

We developed a novel formula to predict coronary artery stenosis using five predictive factors. This formula is useful for determining whether computed tomography (CT) examination is necessary, even in clinical settings without CCTA equipment. Early detection of coronary artery stenosis in patients with DM may also lead to better health outcomes.

Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…The study results indicate the potential value of including this simple test in cardiovascular risk stratification and supports current guidelines and recommendations ( 12 ). One Japanese study showed that ABI, hypertension, estimated glomerular filtration rate, max-IMT (thickest points for the intima-media thickness in the common carotid arteries, carotid bulb, and internal carotid arteries) and use of diabetic medication were independent predictive factors for coronary artery stenosis in patients with type 2 DM, and the authors built a novel formula to predict coronary stenosis in type 2 DM patients using these five factors ( 13 ). A study of 375 patients with acute myocardial infarction showed ABI is an important predictor of polyvascular disease and is a useful and simple measurement that appeared to be predictive in widespread atherosclerosis among these patients ( 14 ).…”

Levels of ankle–brachial index and the risk of diabetes mellitus complications

“…We used the following covariates to describe the population and to adjust the potential association of the ABI categories with mortality and complications of diabetes27 28: age, sex, smoking habit, body mass index (BMI) calculated as weight divided by squared height, SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure, total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, diabetes duration, comorbidities (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignant neoplasms), and medications (antidiabetic therapy, diuretics, beta-blocking agents, calcium channel blockers, agents acting on the renin–angiotensin system, other lipid modifying agents, and aspirin). Continuous variables were considered up to 1 year previous to study entry, and categorical variables were present if they were recorded in the database previous to study entry.…”