Combined application of biochar and sulfur regulated growth, physiological, antioxidant responses and Cr removal capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) in tannery polluted soils

Bashir, Muhammad Asaad; Naveed, Muhammad; Ahmad, Zahoor; Gao, Bin; Mustafa, Adnan; Núñez‐Delgado, Avelino

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110051

Cited by 90 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Similarly, an increase in the magnitude of antioxidant enzyme activity (APX, GPX, GST, GR, CAT, and SOD) was observed, particularly, under saline conditions. These modifications of biochemical responses supported the findings of Bashir et al [ 40 ], who reported an increase in the activities of antioxidants in Zea mays grown under tannery-polluted Cr soil. Sodium accumulation in plants alters several crucial cellular biomolecules’ activities, which consequently give rise to unnecessary reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress

Ain

Naveed

Hussain

et al. 2020

Plants

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Zinc (Zn) availability is limited in salt-affected soils due to high soil pH and calcium concentrations causing Zn fixation. The application of synthetic Zn fertilizer is usually discouraged due to the high cost and low Zn use efficiency. However, salt-tolerant Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) are capable of solubilizing fixed fractions of Zn and improving fertilizer use efficiency. In the current study, a product was formulated by coating urea with bioaugmented zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve wheat productivity under a saline environment. The promising ZSB strain Bacillus sp. AZ6 was used for bioaugmentation on ZnO powder and termed as Bacillus sp. AZ6-augmented ZnO (BAZ). The experiment was conducted in pots by applying urea granules after coating with BAZ, to evaluate its effects on wheat physiology, antioxidant activity, and productivity under saline (100 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. The results revealed that the application of BAZ-coated urea alleviated salt stress through improving the seed germination, plant height, root length, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, number of tillers and grains, spike length, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, antioxidant activity (APX, GPX, GST, GR, CAT, and SOD), and NPK contents in the straw and grains of the wheat plants. Moreover, it also enhanced the Zn contents in the shoots and grains of wheat by up to 29.1 and 16.5%, respectively, over absolute control, under saline conditions. The relationships and variation among all the studied morpho-physio and biochemical attributes of wheat were also studied by principal component (PC) and correlation analysis. Hence, the application of such potential products may enhance nutrient availability and Zn uptake in wheat under salt stress. Therefore, the current study suggests the application of BAZ-coated urea for enhancing wheat’s physiology, antioxidant system, nutrient efficiency, and productivity effectively and economically.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress

Ain

Naveed

Hussain

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…In plants of S deficiency, the levels of chlorophyll and the Rubisco in leaves are reduced twofold and sixfold, respectively, and PSII efficiency is reduced by 31%, which results in a significant reduction in photosynthesis efficiency (Lunde et al, 2008). In addition, some studies show that the deficiency of N and S can reduce the intensity of photosynthesis by affecting the content of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and glutathione (GSH) in maize plants (Bashir et al, 2020;Nemat Alla and Hassan, 2020). In conclusion, the deficiency of N and S inhibits the photosynthesis of crops and ultimately leads to yield reduction (Resurreccion et al, 2002;Ding et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Regulation of Nitrogen and Sulfur on Redox Balance of Maize Leaves and Amino Acids Balance of Grains

et al. 2020

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As a primary food crop, maize is widely grown around the world. However, the deficiency of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, results in poor nutritional quality of maize. In addition, the protein concentration of maize declines with the increase in yield, which further reduces the nutritional quality. Here, the photosynthesis of leaves, grain amino acid composition, and stoichiometry of N and S are explored. The results show that N and S maintained the redox balance by increasing the content of glutathione in maize leaves, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic rate and maize yield. Simultaneously, the synergy of N and S increased the grain protein concentration and promoted amino acid balance by increasing the cysteine concentration in maize grains. The maize yield, grain protein concentration, and concentration of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, could be simultaneously increased in the N:S ratio range of 11.0 to 12.0. Overall, the synergy of N and S simultaneously improved the maize yield and nutritional quality by regulating the redox balance of maize leaves and the amino acids balance of grains, which provides a new theoretical basis and practical method for sustainable production of maize.

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“…Physiological parameters, i.e., relative water contents (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) were also recorded by collecting the fresh leaves before final harvesting [22]. In order to determine the RWC, firstly, the fresh weights of leaves were taken and for twelve hours plunged in deionized water; then, the weight of fully turgid leaf (TW) was calculated.…”

Section: Determination Of Physiological and Gas Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maize is also considered a metal tolerant crop [20]. So, it can also be used in heavy metal phytoremediation processes, due to the extensive biomass production, metal bioaccumulation, and translocation to the aerial part as has been shown previously [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Selenium on Growth, Physiology, and Antioxidant Responses in Maize Varies in a Dose-Dependent Manner

Naseem

Anwar‐ul‐Haq

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Food Quality

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There is a very narrow margin in selenium deficiency and toxicity although it is an important element for humans, animals, and plants. Effects of selenium (Se) on the growth and physiomorphological parameters in maize were studied grown in soil spiked with sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) in 5 different concentrations (i.e., 0. 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg kg−1). The growth of plants was affected by high Se concentration. However, maximum increases in plant height and root length were observed at low Se (2.5 mg kg−1) which were 17.89 and 23.17%, respectively. At higher Se concentrations (20 mg kg−1), a considerable reduction was observed in dry matter, root length, antioxidant enzymes, and other physiological parameters. The dry matter of plants was also analyzed for nutrient (Fe and Zn) concentrations. Results indicated that Se stress inhibits plant growth. Gas exchange parameters were also found to be decreased under stress conditions, but at a lower Se level (2.5 mg kg−1), improvement in transpiration rate (63.46%), photosynthetic rate (47.47%), and stomatal conductance (54.55%) was observed. The reduction in growth attributes may be due to the high accumulation of Se in roots and the disturbance in gas exchange parameters. However, the principal component analysis revealed that higher Se levels were more hazardous for maize growth and physiological responses as compared to low Se levels.

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Combined application of biochar and sulfur regulated growth, physiological, antioxidant responses and Cr removal capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) in tannery polluted soils

Cited by 90 publications

References 65 publications

Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress

Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress

Synergistic Regulation of Nitrogen and Sulfur on Redox Balance of Maize Leaves and Amino Acids Balance of Grains

Influence of Selenium on Growth, Physiology, and Antioxidant Responses in Maize Varies in a Dose-Dependent Manner

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